氧化应激与活性氧：对其在眼部疾病中作用的综述

Oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species: a review of their role in ocular disease.

作者信息

Ung Lawson, Pattamatta Ushasree, Carnt Nicole, Wilkinson-Berka Jennifer L, Liew Gerald, White Andrew J R

机构信息

Save Sight Institute, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.

Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2145, Australia.

出版信息

Clin Sci (Lond). 2017 Dec 4;131(24):2865-2883. doi: 10.1042/CS20171246. Print 2017 Dec 15.

DOI:10.1042/CS20171246

PMID:29203723

Abstract

For many years, oxidative stress arising from the ubiquitous production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various eye diseases. While emerging research has provided some evidence of the important physiological role of ROS in normal cell function, disease may arise where the concentration of ROS exceeds and overwhelms the body's natural defence against them. Additionally, ROS may induce genomic aberrations which affect cellular homoeostasis and may result in disease. This literature review examines the current evidence for the role of oxidative stress in important ocular diseases with a view to identifying potential therapeutic targets for future study. The need is particularly pressing in developing treatments for conditions which remain notoriously difficult to treat, including glaucoma, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration.

摘要

多年来，普遍产生的活性氧（ROS）所引发的氧化应激一直被认为与多种眼部疾病的发病机制有关。虽然新出现的研究已提供了一些证据，证明ROS在正常细胞功能中具有重要的生理作用，但当ROS浓度超过并压倒身体对它们的天然防御时，就可能引发疾病。此外，ROS可能会诱导基因组畸变，影响细胞内稳态，并可能导致疾病。这篇文献综述探讨了氧化应激在重要眼部疾病中作用的现有证据，以期确定未来研究的潜在治疗靶点。对于包括青光眼、糖尿病视网膜病变和年龄相关性黄斑变性等仍然难以治疗的疾病，开发治疗方法的需求尤为迫切。