Allida Sabine M, Hayward Christopher S, Newton Phillip J
Improving Palliative, Aged and Chronic Care through Clinical Research and Translation (IMPACCT), Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney.
Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute.
Curr Opin Support Palliat Care. 2018 Mar;12(1):4-9. doi: 10.1097/SPC.0000000000000314.
Thirst is a common and burdensome symptom of heart failure, which impacts adversely on quality of life. To date, there is limited research on the prevalence of thirst, the factors associated with thirst and interventions to help manage thirst in heart failure. This review summarizes key empirical research developments of thirst.
Recent research shows that the heart failure syndrome, medications, self-care practice such as fluid restriction and anxiety contributes greatly to increased thirst in patients with heart failure. In addition, predictors such as being younger, male patient, with high symptom burden and serum urea is also associated with thirst. There are no intervention studies to manage thirst, only reports of various strategies recommended to heart failure patients in clinical practice.
Despite the burden of thirst in heart failure patients, strategies to relieve thirst remains insufficiently addressed in literature. Further research to improve the understanding of the severity of thirst and its relationship to possible factors associated with thirst is required in order to develop future interventions to either prevent or alleviate troublesome thirst in patients with heart failure.
口渴是心力衰竭常见且令人困扰的症状，对生活质量有不利影响。迄今为止，关于口渴的患病率、与口渴相关的因素以及帮助管理心力衰竭患者口渴的干预措施的研究有限。本综述总结了口渴的关键实证研究进展。
近期研究表明，心力衰竭综合征、药物治疗、限液等自我护理措施以及焦虑情绪在很大程度上导致心力衰竭患者口渴加剧。此外，年轻、男性患者、症状负担重和血清尿素高等预测因素也与口渴有关。目前尚无针对口渴管理的干预研究，仅有临床实践中向心力衰竭患者推荐的各种策略的报告。
尽管心力衰竭患者口渴负担较重，但文献中缓解口渴的策略仍未得到充分探讨。需要进一步开展研究，以更好地了解口渴的严重程度及其与口渴相关可能因素的关系，从而制定未来的干预措施，预防或减轻心力衰竭患者令人烦恼的口渴症状。
