Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.
Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, 3220, Australia.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2018 Mar;86:176-206. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.11.018. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
The inhibitory tone that the cerebellum exerts on the primary motor cortex (M1) is known as cerebellar brain inhibition (CBI). Studies show CBI to be relevant to several motor functions, including adaptive motor learning and muscle control. CBI can be assessed noninvasively via transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) using a double-coil protocol. Variability in parameter choice and controversy surrounding the protocol's ability to isolate the cerebellothalamocortical pathway casts doubt over its validity in neuroscience research. This justifies a systematic review of both the protocol, and its application. The following review examines studies using the double-coil protocol to assess CBI in healthy adults. Parameters and CBI in relation to task-based studies, other non-invasive protocols, over different muscles, and in clinical samples are reviewed. Of the 1398 studies identified, 24 met selection criteria. It was found that methodological design and selection of parameters in several studies may have reduced the validity of outcomes. Further systematic testing of CBI protocols is warranted, both from a parameter and task-based perspective.
小脑对初级运动皮层（M1）施加的抑制性影响被称为小脑脑抑制（CBI）。研究表明，CBI 与多种运动功能相关，包括适应性运动学习和肌肉控制。可以使用双线圈方案通过经颅磁刺激（TMS）对 CBI 进行非侵入性评估。参数选择的变化以及该方案分离小脑-丘脑-皮层通路的能力存在争议，这使得人们对其在神经科学研究中的有效性产生了怀疑。因此，有必要对该方案及其应用进行系统审查。以下综述检查了使用双线圈方案评估健康成年人 CBI 的研究。综述了与基于任务的研究、其他非侵入性方案、不同肌肉以及临床样本相关的参数和 CBI。在确定的 1398 项研究中，有 24 项符合选择标准。研究发现，一些研究中的方法设计和参数选择可能降低了结果的有效性。需要进一步从参数和基于任务的角度对 CBI 方案进行系统测试。
