Hong Mianwei, Lu Gang, Hou Changcheng, She Shaohua, Zhu Lingfei
School of Environment, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposure and Health, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China E-mail:
Water Sci Technol. 2017 Dec;76(11-12):2949-2958. doi: 10.2166/wst.2017.469.
With the improvement of people's consciousness about health, more attention has been paid to the biosafety of effluent reaching conventional discharge standard. In this contribution, removal efficiency of chemical oxygen demand (COD), acute toxicity, genotoxicity and estrogenicity in landfill leachate membrane concentrates (MCs) among UV-Fenton, Fenton and activated carbon adsorption process were compared. Daphnia magna acute toxicity assay, comet assay, cytokinesis-block micronucleus and E-screen assay were performed to assess whether the effluent reaching the main parameters of Chinese Discharge Standard (GB 16889-2008) still had toxic residues. Under the conditions that COD of effluents treated by the three processes were up to the discharge standard, no obvious toxic residue was found in the effluent of UV-Fenton treatment, but effluent from Fenton or activated carbon adsorption process showed genotoxicity or estrogenicity to some extent. Dynamic analysis of UV-Fenton degradation process for estrogen simulation solutions was also conducted, and the formation of intermediates was detected by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Toxic residues might be caused by the lack of treatment duration and the formation of more toxic intermediates. UV-Fenton was found to be efficient for the treatment of MCs. Biosafety should be concerned when a new wastewater discharge standard is being established.
随着人们健康意识的提高，达到常规排放标准的废水的生物安全性受到了更多关注。在本研究中，比较了紫外光-芬顿法、芬顿法和活性炭吸附法对垃圾渗滤液膜浓缩液（MCs）中化学需氧量（COD）、急性毒性、遗传毒性和雌激素活性的去除效率。进行了大型溞急性毒性试验、彗星试验、胞质分裂阻滞微核试验和E-筛试验，以评估达到中国排放标准（GB 16889-2008）主要参数的废水是否仍有有毒残留物。在三种工艺处理后的废水COD达到排放标准的条件下，紫外光-芬顿法处理后的废水未发现明显的有毒残留物，但芬顿法或活性炭吸附法处理后的废水在一定程度上表现出遗传毒性或雌激素活性。还对雌激素模拟溶液的紫外光-芬顿降解过程进行了动力学分析，并用气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC/MS）检测了中间产物的形成。有毒残留物可能是由于处理时间不足以及形成了毒性更强的中间产物所致。结果表明，紫外光-芬顿法对MCs的处理效果较好。在制定新的废水排放标准时应关注生物安全性。
