健康领域的机会不平等：来自智利的证据。
Inequality of opportunity in health: evidence from Chile.
作者信息
Gallardo Kevin, Varas Liseth, Gallardo Mauricio
机构信息
Universidad Católica del Norte. Escuela de Ciencias Empresariales. Coquimbo, Chile.
出版信息
Rev Saude Publica. 2017 Dec 4;51:110. doi: 10.11606/S1518-8787.2017051007034.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the possible presence of inequality of opportunities in the health status of Chileans, according to sociodemographic circumstances.
METHODS
Self-rated health data were used from the Chilean National Health Survey of 2010 to test the hypothesis of strong and weak equality of opportunities in the health status of the Chilean population. These hypotheses were tested using nonparametric techniques and second-order stochastic dominance criteria.
RESULTS
Robust empirical evidence was obtained, which indicate that the education level of the mother, household socioeconomic status, sex, zone, and region of residence determine opportunities to achieve good health in Chile.
CONCLUSIONS
Better health status was identified for Chilean adults whenever their mothers had a higher education level, their household income was higher, they were men, or lived in urban areas. The region of residence also affects opportunities to achieve good health in Chile.
目的
根据社会人口统计学情况，评估智利人健康状况中可能存在的机会不平等现象。
方法
使用2010年智利全国健康调查中的自评健康数据，来检验智利人口健康状况中机会强平等和弱平等的假设。这些假设通过非参数技术和二阶随机优势标准进行检验。
结果
获得了有力的实证证据，表明母亲的教育水平、家庭社会经济地位、性别、居住区域和地区决定了智利人获得良好健康的机会。
结论
智利成年人在其母亲教育水平较高、家庭收入较高、为男性或居住在城市地区时，健康状况更好。居住地区也会影响智利人获得良好健康的机会。
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