Department of Respiratory Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
Division of Health Service Promotion, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033 , Japan.
BMC Pulm Med. 2017 Dec 7;17(1):177. doi: 10.1186/s12890-017-0538-8.
Patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) usually complain of sudden-onset dyspnea and pleuritic chest pain. However, asymptomatic PSP has been incidentally detected on chest X-rays. In this study, we analyzed the incidence, characteristics, risk factors, and prognosis of asymptomatic PSP detected during regular medical check-ups in university students.
In this study, 101,709 chest X-rays were performed during medical check-ups for students at the University of Tokyo between April 2011 and March 2016. Among them, 43 cases of asymptomatic PSP (0.042%) were detected. We calculated the lung collapse rate of pneumothorax using Kircher's method. We also analyzed risk factors associated with asymptomatic PSP using characteristics inspected in medical check-ups.
The incidence of asymptomatic PSP was significantly higher in men than in women (0.050% vs 0.018%). Multivariate analysis revealed an association of younger age, greater height, lower body mass index, and greater height growth per year with an increased risk of asymptomatic PSP in male students. Mild lung collapse (<10%) was present in 22 of 43 students with asymptomatic PSP; among these, eight students eventually underwent an invasive therapy.
The prevalence of asymptomatic PSP among university students was as high as 0.042%. In addition to known risk factors for conventional PSP, greater height growth was a risk factor for asymptomatic PSP. Careful follow-up is very important because a considerable number of patients with mild lung collapse eventually require an invasive medical procedure.
原发性自发性气胸（PSP）患者通常会突然出现呼吸困难和胸痛。然而，无症状 PSP 也曾在胸部 X 光片上被偶然发现。在这项研究中，我们分析了在东京大学学生定期体检中发现的无症状 PSP 的发生率、特征、危险因素和预后。
在这项研究中，对 2011 年 4 月至 2016 年 3 月期间在东京大学进行的 101709 次胸部 X 光检查进行了分析，其中发现 43 例无症状 PSP（0.042%）。我们使用 Kircher 法计算气胸的肺萎陷率。我们还通过体检中检查的特征分析了与无症状 PSP 相关的危险因素。
无症状 PSP 在男性中的发生率明显高于女性（0.050%比 0.018%）。多因素分析显示，年轻、身高较高、体重指数较低、每年身高增长较高与男性学生无症状 PSP 风险增加相关。43 例无症状 PSP 患者中有 22 例存在轻度肺萎陷（<10%）；其中 8 例最终接受了有创治疗。
大学生无症状 PSP 的患病率高达 0.042%。除了传统 PSP 的已知危险因素外，身高增长较高也是无症状 PSP 的危险因素。由于相当数量的轻度肺萎陷患者最终需要进行有创医疗程序，因此仔细随访非常重要。
