1999 - 2016年伊朗的一氧化碳中毒：系统评价与荟萃分析
Carbon monoxide poisoning in Iran during 1999-2016: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
作者信息
Hosseininejad Seyed Mohammad, Aminiahidashti Hamed, Goli Khatir Iraj, Ghasempouri Seyed Khosro, Jabbari Ali, Khandashpour Mahmoud
机构信息
Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
出版信息
J Forensic Leg Med. 2018 Jan;53:87-96. doi: 10.1016/j.jflm.2017.11.008. Epub 2017 Nov 28.
BACKGROUND
Carbon monoxide (CO) poisoning is a common cause of emergency department (ED) visits worldwide with high levels of morbidity and mortality. No inclusive nationally statistics of CO poisoning in Iran is available. The present review aimed to describe and review the pattern of CO poisoning in Iran.
METHODS
The search of Medline, SCOPUS, Cochrane library, Google Scholar, Magiran, IranDoc and SID (Scientific Information Database) yielded only 10 studies discussing the epidemiology of CO poisoning in Iran. Outcomes of interest were determining the demographic characteristics, prevalence and mortality rates, annual trends, main sources and mechanisms, location of incidents of CO poisoning as well as providing the safety awareness and precautions.
RESULTS
Totally, 10 studies including 6372 victims of CO poisoning were reviewed. The estimated incidence rate of CO poisoning was 38.91 per 100,000, the proportionate mortality rate was 11.6 per 1000 death and the pooled case fatality rate of was 9.5% (95% CI 6.3%-14.30%). Of the total 5105 individuals with CO poisoning, 2048 (40.12%) were male and 3057 (59.88%) were female. In addition, of 5105 poisoned, 4620 (90.50%) were alive and 485 (9.50%) were dead. The number of fatal CO poisoning cases among men and women were 259 (5.07%) and 226 (4.43%) victims, respectively; while the number of non-fatal CO poisoning cases among men and women were 1790 (35.06%) and 2830 (55.44%) individuals, respectively. The mean age of victims was about 30 years. Most of the victims (36.37%) had the educational level of secondary school, marital status of single (52.74%), and occupational status of housekeeper (27.48%).
CONCLUSION
The incidence, proportionate mortality and case fatality rates of CO poisoning is high in Iran, particularly in young individuals. It seems that preventive strategies should be taught by health care providers more thoroughly and implemented by policy makers more strictly as a mandatory law.
背景
一氧化碳（CO）中毒是全球急诊室就诊的常见原因，发病率和死亡率都很高。伊朗尚无关于CO中毒的全面全国统计数据。本综述旨在描述和回顾伊朗CO中毒的模式。
方法
检索Medline、SCOPUS、Cochrane图书馆、谷歌学术、Magiran、IranDoc和SID（科学信息数据库），仅得到10项讨论伊朗CO中毒流行病学的研究。感兴趣的结果包括确定人口统计学特征、患病率和死亡率、年度趋势、主要来源和机制、CO中毒事件发生地点以及提供安全意识和预防措施。
结果
共回顾了10项研究，包括6372名CO中毒受害者。CO中毒的估计发病率为每10万人38.91例，比例死亡率为每1000例死亡11.6例，合并病死率为9.5%（95%CI 6.3%-14.30%）。在总共5105例CO中毒患者中，2048例（40.12%）为男性，3057例（59.88%）为女性。此外，在5105例中毒者中，4620例（90.50%）存活，485例（9.50%）死亡。男性和女性致命CO中毒病例数分别为259例（5.07%）和226例（4.43%）受害者；而男性和女性非致命CO中毒病例数分别为1790例（35.06%）和2830例（55.44%）。受害者的平均年龄约为30岁。大多数受害者（36.37%）的教育水平为中学，婚姻状况为单身（52.74%），职业状况为家庭主妇（27.48%）。
结论
伊朗CO中毒的发病率、比例死亡率和病死率很高，尤其是在年轻人中。似乎医疗保健提供者应更彻底地传授预防策略，政策制定者应更严格地将其作为一项强制性法律实施。
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