Devaux A, Elie C, Lenfant A M
Laboratoire Central d'Histologie, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris.
Rev Fr Gynecol Obstet. 1989 Feb;84(2):85-90.
The sperm count, an absolutely necessary examination, seems no longer sufficient to establish a prognosis of fertility. Fertilization in vitro, for a diagnostic purpose, would be the ideal examination, but because of the ethical and technical problems it raises, other tests have been developed. The test of spermatozoid survival at 24 hours in Menezzo's B2 medium and interspecific fertilization in vitro (hamster-test) are carried out on isolated spermatozoids according the FIV protocol. The survival test provides two parameters: the presence of mobility and the rate of retention of the mobility after 24 hours. With the hamster-test it is possible to study the penetration and decondensation of the spermatozoids in the ovocytes. The results obtained with the survival test show that the absence of gradual mobility and a retention rate below 25 p. cent after 24 hours, significantly affect the cleavage of ovocytes during FIV. These two parameters affect, in a similar fashion, the percentage of fertilized ovocytes in the hamster-test. The latter seems less specific than the survival test to establish a prognosis before FIV. However, it is interesting as it allows the study of the different stages of fertilization of spermatozoid samples, from the same ejaculation, under varied experimental conditions. These tests require a standardization and present a definite advantage during exploration prior to FIV, AIC.
精子计数作为一项绝对必要的检查，似乎已不足以用来确定生育预后。出于诊断目的的体外受精本应是理想的检查方法，但由于其引发的伦理和技术问题，人们开发了其他检测方法。根据体外受精（IVF）方案，在分离出的精子上进行精子在梅内佐氏B2培养基中24小时的存活试验以及体外种间受精（仓鼠试验）。存活试验提供两个参数：精子的活动能力以及24小时后活动能力的保留率。通过仓鼠试验可以研究精子在卵母细胞中的穿透和去浓缩情况。存活试验得到的结果表明，精子缺乏逐渐活动能力以及24小时后活动能力保留率低于25%，会显著影响体外受精过程中卵母细胞的分裂。这两个参数以类似方式影响仓鼠试验中受精卵母细胞的百分比。在进行体外受精之前确定预后方面，仓鼠试验似乎不如存活试验那么具有特异性。然而，它很有意思，因为它能在不同实验条件下，对来自同一射精样本的精子样本受精的不同阶段进行研究。这些检测需要标准化，并且在体外受精、辅助孵化（AIC）前的检查过程中具有明显优势。
