Minneapolis VA Healthcare System.
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky.
Psychol Assess. 2017 Dec;29(12):1429-1436. doi: 10.1037/pas0000478.
College students without ADHD may feign symptoms of ADHD to gain access to stimulant medications and academic accommodations. Unfortunately, research has shown that it can be difficult to discriminate malingered from genuine ADHD symptomatology, especially when evaluations are based only on self-report questionnaires. The present study investigated whether nonclinical college students given no additional information could feign ADHD as successfully as those who were coached on symptoms of the disorder. Similar to Jasinski et al. (2011) and other research on feigned ADHD, a battery of neuropsychological, performance validity, and self-report tests was administered. Undergraduates with no history of ADHD or other psychiatric disorders were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 simulator groups: a coached group that was given information about ADHD symptoms, or a noncoached group that was given no such information. Both simulator groups were asked to feign ADHD. Their performance was compared to a genuine ADHD group and a nonclinical group asked to respond honestly. Self-report, neuropsychological, and performance validity test data are discussed in the context of the effect of coaching and its implications for ADHD evaluations. Symptom coaching did not have a significant effect on feigning success. Performance validity tests were moderately effective at detecting feigned ADHD. (PsycINFO Database Record
大学生没有 ADHD 可能会假装 ADHD 的症状，以获得兴奋剂药物和学术住宿。不幸的是，研究表明，区分伪装和真正的 ADHD 症状可能很困难，特别是当评估仅基于自我报告问卷时。本研究调查了是否没有额外信息的非临床大学生可以像接受疾病症状指导的学生一样成功地伪装 ADHD。与 Jasinski 等人的研究相似（2011 年）和其他关于伪装 ADHD 的研究，一组神经心理学、表现有效性和自我报告测试被执行。没有 ADHD 或其他精神障碍病史的本科生被随机分配到 2 个模拟组之一：接受 ADHD 症状信息的指导组，或未接受此类信息的非指导组。两个模拟组都被要求伪装 ADHD。他们的表现与真正的 ADHD 组和非临床组进行了比较，后者被要求诚实回答。在讨论指导的效果及其对 ADHD 评估的影响时，讨论了自我报告、神经心理学和表现有效性测试数据。症状指导对伪装成功没有显著影响。表现有效性测试在检测伪装的 ADHD 方面具有中等效果。
