Lopez de Romaña G, Brown K H, Black R E, Kanashiro H C
Instituto de Investigacion Nutricional, Lima, Peru.
Am J Epidemiol. 1989 Apr;129(4):769-84. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115192.
Longitudinal studies of morbidity from infectious diseases and physical growth were completed from July 1982-June 1984 for 153 Peruvian newborns during the first year of life. Admission to the cohort was restricted to infants with birth weights greater than 2,500 g. Surveillance workers inquired about symptoms of diarrheal, respiratory, and other illnesses during thrice-weekly home visits; anthropometrists measured weight and length each month to assess the infants' patterns of physical growth and relative nutritional status. During 48,209 child-days of observation, upper respiratory infections were present on 13,409 child-days (27.8% prevalence) and diarrhea on 7,466 child-days (15.5% prevalence). The diarrhea incidence rate averaged 9.8 episodes per child-year of observation; all children had at least one episode of diarrhea. Average weights approximated those of the National Center for Health Statistics reference population during the first five to six months, but declined thereafter in relation to reference data. Average lengths were less than the reference data at all ages. The average weights for age and lengths for age of girls were generally greater than those of boys relative to the reference population. Rates of stunting and wasting increased progressively during the first year of life.
1982年7月至1984年6月，对153名秘鲁新生儿出生后第一年的传染病发病率和身体生长情况进行了纵向研究。该队列的纳入对象仅限于出生体重超过2500克的婴儿。监测人员在每周三次的家访中询问腹泻、呼吸道及其他疾病的症状；人体测量师每月测量体重和身长，以评估婴儿的身体生长模式和相对营养状况。在48209个儿童日的观察期内，上呼吸道感染出现了13409个儿童日（患病率27.8%），腹泻出现了7466个儿童日（患病率15.5%）。腹泻发病率平均为每儿童年观察期9.8次发作；所有儿童至少有一次腹泻发作。在最初的五到六个月里，平均体重接近国家卫生统计中心参考人群的体重，但此后相对于参考数据有所下降。所有年龄段的平均身长均低于参考数据。相对于参考人群，女孩的年龄别平均体重和年龄别平均身长通常高于男孩。在出生后的第一年，发育迟缓率和消瘦率逐渐上升。
