1 Centers for Behavioral and Preventative Medicine , The Miriam Hospital, Providence, Rhode Island.
2 Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island.
AIDS Patient Care STDS. 2018 Jan;32(1):9-15. doi: 10.1089/apc.2017.0244. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
In the United States, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) are disproportionately affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. Despite great strides in HIV prevention, including biobehavioral HIV prevention strategies such as pre-exposure prophylaxis and treatment as prevention, there has been relatively low uptake of these strategies. The success of biobehavioral prevention strategies requires HIV testing but a subset of GBMSM have never been tested. To optimize prevention efforts, we sought to understand the characteristics of GBMSM who report never testing for HIV. A sample of GBMSM was recruited online in 2012 to complete a cross-sectional survey of sexual behavior and sexual health. Bivariate and multivariable analyses were used to identify characteristics of "never testing for HIV." Of the 1170 participants, 151 (13%) reported never testing for HIV. In multivariable analyses, younger age, less education, endorsing a non-gay sexual identity, living in rural areas, not having a primary partner, living in unstable housing, and reporting regular condom use during anal sex were independently associated with never testing. We conclude that, despite a substantial focus on HIV testing among GBMSM in the United States, a proportion of sexually active, adult GBMSM report never having tested for HIV in their lifetimes. The current study illustrates the importance of addressing individual and structural factors that serve as barriers to HIV testing among GBMSM. Addressing these barriers will improve access to HIV testing and other biobehavioral HIV prevention strategies and, ultimately, alleviate disparities in HIV/AIDS in the United States.
在美国,男同性恋者、双性恋者和其他与男性发生性关系的男性(GBMSM)受到艾滋病病毒/艾滋病流行的影响不成比例。尽管在艾滋病毒预防方面取得了重大进展,包括暴露前预防和治疗即预防等生物行为学预防策略,但这些策略的采用率相对较低。生物行为预防策略的成功需要进行艾滋病毒检测,但一部分 GBMSM 从未接受过检测。为了优化预防工作,我们试图了解从未接受过艾滋病毒检测的 GBMSM 的特征。2012 年,通过在线招募了一组 GBMSM,以完成性行为和性健康的横断面调查。使用单变量和多变量分析来确定“从未接受过艾滋病毒检测”的特征。在 1170 名参与者中,有 151 名(13%)报告从未接受过艾滋病毒检测。在多变量分析中,年龄较小、教育程度较低、认同非同性恋性身份、居住在农村地区、没有主要伴侣、居住在不稳定的住房中以及报告在肛交时经常使用安全套与从未接受检测独立相关。我们得出结论,尽管美国对 GBMSM 进行了大量的艾滋病毒检测,但相当一部分活跃的成年 GBMSM 报告在其一生中从未接受过艾滋病毒检测。本研究说明了解决阻碍 GBMSM 进行艾滋病毒检测的个人和结构因素的重要性。解决这些障碍将改善获得艾滋病毒检测和其他生物行为学艾滋病毒预防策略的机会,并最终减轻美国艾滋病毒/艾滋病的差异。