Chancellor Jeffery C, Auñon-Chancellor Serena M, Charles John
Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018 Jan 1;89(1):3-8. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4956.2018.
Space radiation research has progressed rapidly in recent years, but there remain large uncertainties in predicting and extrapolating biological responses to humans. Exposure to cosmic radiation and solar particle events (SPEs) may pose a critical health risk to future spaceflight crews and can have a serious impact on all biomedical aspects of space exploration. The relatively minimal shielding of the cancelled 1960s Manned Orbiting Laboratory (MOL) program's space vehicle and the high inclination polar orbits would have left the crew susceptible to high exposures of cosmic radiation and high dose-rate SPEs that are mostly unpredictable in frequency and intensity.
In this study, we have modeled the nominal and off-nominal radiation environment that a MOL-like spacecraft vehicle would be exposed to during a 30-d mission using high performance, multicore computers.
Projected doses from a historically large SPE (e.g., the August 1972 solar event) have been analyzed in the context of the MOL orbit profile, providing an opportunity to study its impact to crew health and subsequent contingencies.
It is reasonable to presume that future commercial, government, and military spaceflight missions in low-Earth orbit (LEO) will have vehicles with similar shielding and orbital profiles. Studying the impact of cosmic radiation to the mission's operational integrity and the health of MOL crewmembers provides an excellent surrogate and case-study for future commercial and military spaceflight missions.Chancellor JC, Auñon-Chancellor SM, Charles J. Medical implications of space radiation exposure due to low-altitude polar orbits. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(1):3-8.
近年来，空间辐射研究进展迅速，但在预测和推断对人类的生物反应方面仍存在很大的不确定性。暴露于宇宙辐射和太阳粒子事件（SPEs）可能会给未来的航天机组人员带来重大健康风险，并会对太空探索的所有生物医学方面产生严重影响。20世纪60年代取消的载人轨道实验室（MOL）计划的航天器屏蔽相对较少，且轨道倾角高，这会使机组人员容易受到宇宙辐射和高剂量率SPEs的高暴露，而这些辐射在频率和强度上大多不可预测。
在本研究中，我们使用高性能多核计算机对类似MOL的航天器在30天任务期间将暴露于的标称和非标称辐射环境进行了建模。
在MOL轨道剖面的背景下，分析了来自历史上一次大型SPE（例如1972年8月的太阳事件）的预计剂量，为研究其对机组人员健康的影响及后续应急情况提供了机会。
合理推测未来低地球轨道（LEO）的商业、政府和军事航天任务的航天器将具有类似的屏蔽和轨道剖面。研究宇宙辐射对任务运行完整性和MOL机组人员健康的影响，为未来商业和军事航天任务提供了一个很好的替代和案例研究。校长JC、奥尼翁-校长SM、查尔斯J。低空极地轨道导致的空间辐射暴露的医学影响。航空航天医学与人类表现。2018；89（1）：3-8。
