日本 3 岁儿童的父母职业、教育程度、收入与龋齿患病率。
Parental occupations, educational levels, and income and prevalence of dental caries in 3-year-old Japanese children.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
Kato Dental Clinic, Ehime, Japan.
出版信息
Environ Health Prev Med. 2017 Dec 13;22(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s12199-017-0688-6.
BACKGROUND
Most studies have investigated the association between parental socioeconomic factors and dental caries in children based on educational and income levels; studies focusing on parental occupation, however, have been relatively limited. This cross-sectional study examined the associations between parental occupations and levels of education and household income and the prevalence of dental caries in Japanese children aged 3 years.
METHODS
Study subjects were 6315 children. Oral examination results were obtained from the parents or guardians, who transcribed the information recorded by medical staff at a public health center from their maternal and child health handbooks to our self-administered questionnaire. Children were classified as having dental caries if one or more primary teeth had decayed or had been filled. Adjustment was made for sex, age, region of residence, breastfeeding duration, between-meal snack frequency, toothbrushing frequency, use of fluoride, regular dental check-ups, maternal smoking during pregnancy, and living with at least one household smoker.
RESULTS
The prevalence of dental caries was 14.7%. Compared with having an unemployed father, having a father employed in professional and engineering, clerical, sales, security, or manufacturing process was significantly associated with a lower prevalence of dental caries. Compared with having an unemployed mother, having a mother employed in professional and engineering or service was significantly inversely associated with the prevalence of dental caries. Significant inverse associations were observed between parental levels of education and household income and the prevalence of dental caries.
CONCLUSIONS
The findings of our study suggest that parental occupation affects the prevalence of dental caries in children. We confirm that higher levels of parental education and household income decreased the prevalence of dental caries.
背景
大多数研究基于教育和收入水平，调查了父母社会经济因素与儿童龋齿之间的关系；然而，关注父母职业的研究相对较少。本横断面研究调查了父母职业、教育程度和家庭收入与日本 3 岁儿童龋齿患病率之间的关联。
方法
研究对象为 6315 名儿童。口腔检查结果由父母或监护人提供，他们将医务人员从母子保健手册中记录的信息转录到我们的自填问卷中。如果一颗或多颗乳牙发生龋齿或已填充，则将儿童归类为患有龋齿。调整了性别、年龄、居住地区、母乳喂养持续时间、两餐之间吃零食的频率、刷牙频率、使用氟化物、定期牙科检查、母亲怀孕期间吸烟以及与至少一个家庭吸烟者同住等因素。
结果
龋齿的患病率为 14.7%。与父亲失业相比，父亲从事专业和工程、文书、销售、保安或制造过程的职业与龋齿患病率较低显著相关。与母亲失业相比，母亲从事专业和工程或服务业与龋齿患病率显著负相关。父母的教育程度和家庭收入与龋齿患病率呈显著负相关。
结论
本研究结果表明，父母的职业影响儿童龋齿的患病率。我们证实，父母教育程度和家庭收入越高，龋齿的患病率越低。
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