Carlsson Amalie, Sørensen Kaspar, Andersson Anna-Maria, Frederiksen Hanne, Juul Anders
Department of Growth and ReproductionRigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
International Research and Research Training Center in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC)Copenhagen, Denmark.
Endocr Connect. 2018 Jan;7(1):232-238. doi: 10.1530/EC-17-0344. Epub 2017 Dec 13.
Bisphenol A and several of the most commonly used phthalates have been associated with adverse metabolic health effects such as obesity and diabetes. Therefore, we analyzed these man-made chemicals in first morning urine samples from 107 healthy normal-weight Danish children and adolescents.
This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were recruited as part of the Copenhagen Puberty Study. The subjects were evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan, direct oxygen uptake measurement during cycle ergometry and fasting blood samples. First morning urine was collected and phthalate metabolites and BPA were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) with prior enzymatic deconjugation. Individual chemical concentrations were divided into tertiles and analyzed in relation to biological outcome.
Children in the lowest tertile of urinary BPA had significantly higher peak insulin levels during OGTT ( = 0.01), lower insulin sensitivity index ( < 0.01), higher leptin ( = 0.03), triglyceride ( < 0.01) and total cholesterol levels ( = 0.04), lower aerobic fitness ( = 0.02) and a tendency toward higher fat mass index ( = 0.1) compared with children in the highest tertile for uBPA. No significant differences in anthropometrics, body composition or glucose metabolism were associated with any of the phthalate metabolites measured.
This pilot study on healthy normal-weight children suggests an inverse association between BPA and insulin resistance. Our findings contrast other cross-sectional studies showing a positive association for BPA, which may be due to confounding or reverse causation because diet is an important source of both BPA exposure and obesity.
双酚A和几种最常用的邻苯二甲酸盐已被证明与肥胖和糖尿病等不良代谢健康影响有关。因此，我们分析了107名健康正常体重丹麦儿童和青少年晨尿样本中的这些人造化学物质。
这是一项横断面研究。参与者作为哥本哈根青春期研究的一部分被招募。通过口服葡萄糖耐量试验（OGTT）、双能X线吸收法（DXA）扫描、自行车测力计运动期间的直接摄氧量测量和空腹血样对受试者进行评估。收集晨尿，通过液相色谱-串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）在酶促去结合后测量邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物和双酚A。将个体化学物质浓度分为三分位数，并分析其与生物学结果的关系。
尿双酚A处于最低三分位数的儿童在OGTT期间的胰岛素峰值水平显著更高（P = 0.01），胰岛素敏感性指数更低（P < 0.01），瘦素水平更高（P = 0.03），甘油三酯水平更高（P < 0.01），总胆固醇水平更高（P = 0.04），有氧适能更低（P = 0.02），并且与尿双酚A最高三分位数的儿童相比，脂肪量指数有升高趋势（P = 0.1）。所测量的任何邻苯二甲酸酯代谢物与人体测量学、身体成分或葡萄糖代谢均无显著差异。
这项针对健康正常体重儿童的初步研究表明双酚A与胰岛素抵抗之间存在负相关。我们的研究结果与其他横断面研究显示双酚A呈正相关形成对比，这可能是由于饮食是双酚A暴露和肥胖的重要来源，从而导致混杂或反向因果关系。
