Ahmadvand Afshin, Shahidi Shahab Bagherzadeh, Talari Hamidreza, Ghoreishi Fatemeh Sadat, Mousavi Gholam Abbas
M.D., Psychiatrist, Associate Professor, Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
M.D., Psychiatrist, Faculty Member, Department of Psychiatry, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Electron Physician. 2017 Oct 25;9(10):5478-5486. doi: 10.19082/5478. eCollection 2017 Oct.
Corpus Callosum (CC) plays a significant role in hemispheric communication and in lateralized brain function and behaviors. Structural abnormalities in the corpus callosum of schizophrenic patients were reported. However, previous studies regarding the relationship between morphology of CC in patients with schizophrenia and healthy people are controversial.
To evaluate the morphological differences of the CC between patients with chronic schizophrenia and healthy people and to examine the relationship between the characteristics of the CC and schizophrenia severity.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 63 patients with chronic schizophrenia (the case group) referred to Kargarnezhad Psychiatric Hospital in Kashan, Iran, and 63 healthy people (the control group) between January 2013 and December 2014. All participants underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging. Shape, anteroposterior length, and area of the CC were measured and compared in both groups. The severity of the symptoms occurring in patients with schizophrenia was evaluated using the positive and negative syndrome scale. In this study, we employed Chi-square test, t-test, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient test, bivariate analysis of variance and logistic regression were used to test the association between different variables using SPSS software version 20.
Results showed that the most common shape of the CC in each group was splenial bulbosity. The length and area of the CC in patients with schizophrenia were less than those of the control group and were greater in men compared with women in both groups. Although there was a significant difference in the surface area of the CC between the schizophrenic and control groups (p<0.001), no significant difference was seen regarding the anteroposterior length of CC (p=0.75). Moreover, a significant correlation was found between the surface area and anteroposterior length of the CC (p<0.001 and p<0.014, respectively).
Morphologic characteristics of the CC can be helpful to anticipate schizophrenia especially in patients' family, and it can be used for suitable and faster treatment to prevent progressive cognitive dysfunction.
胼胝体在半球间通讯以及大脑功能和行为的偏侧化方面发挥着重要作用。有报道称精神分裂症患者的胼胝体存在结构异常。然而，先前关于精神分裂症患者与健康人胼胝体形态学关系的研究存在争议。
评估慢性精神分裂症患者与健康人胼胝体的形态差异，并探讨胼胝体特征与精神分裂症严重程度之间的关系。
本横断面研究于2013年1月至2014年12月对转诊至伊朗卡尚的卡尔加内扎德精神病医院的63例慢性精神分裂症患者（病例组）和63名健康人（对照组）进行。所有参与者均接受了脑磁共振成像检查。测量并比较两组胼胝体的形状、前后长度和面积。使用阳性和阴性症状量表评估精神分裂症患者出现的症状严重程度。在本研究中，我们采用卡方检验、t检验、Pearson积差相关系数检验、双因素方差分析和逻辑回归，使用SPSS 20软件版本来检验不同变量之间的关联。
结果显示，每组中胼胝体最常见的形状是脾球样膨大。精神分裂症患者胼胝体的长度和面积小于对照组，且两组中男性的均大于女性。虽然精神分裂症组与对照组之间胼胝体的表面积存在显著差异（p<0.001），但胼胝体前后长度方面未见显著差异（p = 0.75）。此外，胼胝体的表面积与前后长度之间存在显著相关性（分别为p<0.001和p<0.014）。
胼胝体的形态特征有助于预测精神分裂症，尤其是在患者家属中，并且可用于适当且快速的治疗以预防进行性认知功能障碍。
