Marek Lukáš, Pászto Vít
Department of Geography, University of Canterbury, Christchurch; Geospatial Research Institute, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand; Department of Geoinformatics, Palacky University, Olomouc.
Geospat Health. 2017 Nov 8;12(2):572. doi: 10.4081/gh.2017.572.
Inspired by local outbreaks of campylobacteriosis in the Czech Republic in 2010 linked to the debate about alleged health risks of the raw milk consumption, a detailed study was carried out. Firstly, scanning was utilised to identify spatio-temporal clusters of the disease from 2008 to 2012. Then a spatial method (geographical profiling originally developed for criminology) served as assessment in selecting fresh-milk vending machines that could have contributed to some of the local campylobacteriosis outbreaks. Even though an area of increased relative risk of the disease was identified in the affected city of České Budějovice during January and February 2010, geoprofiling did not identify any vending machines in the area as the potential source. However, possible sources in some nearby cities were suggested. Overall, 14 high-rate clusters including the localisation of 9% of the vending machines installed in the Czech Republic were found in the period 2008-2012. Although the vending machines are subject to strict hygiene standards and regular testing, a potential link between a small number of them and the spatial distribution of campylobacteriosis has been detected in the Czech Republic. This should be taken into account in public health research of the disease.
受2010年捷克共和国弯曲杆菌病局部暴发事件的启发，该事件与关于饮用生牛奶是否存在所谓健康风险的辩论有关，于是开展了一项详细研究。首先，利用扫描来识别2008年至2012年期间该病的时空聚集情况。然后，一种空间方法（最初为犯罪学开发的地理画像法）被用于评估，以挑选可能导致了一些局部弯曲杆菌病暴发事件的鲜牛奶自动售货机。尽管在受影响的城市布杰约维采于2010年1月和2月期间发现了该病相对风险增加的区域，但地理画像法并未将该区域内的任何自动售货机识别为潜在源头。不过，倒是提出了一些附近城市中可能的源头。总体而言，在2008 - 2012年期间发现了14个高发病率聚集区，其中包括捷克共和国境内9%的已安装自动售货机的位置。尽管自动售货机须遵守严格的卫生标准并定期接受检测，但在捷克共和国已检测到少数自动售货机与弯曲杆菌病的空间分布之间存在潜在联系。在对该病的公共卫生研究中应考虑到这一点。
