Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Department of Engineering, Università degli Studi di Napoli Parthenope, Naples, Italy.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Jan;26(3):2120-2131. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0978-y. Epub 2017 Dec 14.
The Environmental Protection Agency of the Campania region in Italy (ARPAC) manages a groundwater quality monitoring network. For almost all the polluted waters, the key parameter driving the classification is the concentration of nitrate; hence, the Campania region, in coherence with the EU regulations, outlined the vulnerable areas and undertook remediation policies. The best groundwater quality is recorded for carbonate aquifers of the Apennine chain; on the contrary, the Tyrrhenian coastal plains are affected by severe contamination, with a locally very contaminated groundwater of the shallow and also the deeper aquifers. The study is especially focused on a large coastal plain of Campania region, where nitrate concentration sometimes exceeds 200 mg/L. The study, based on almost 200 sampling points for the whole region during the period 2003-2015 (approx two samples per year), verified the effectiveness of the groundwater monitoring network, the present distribution of nitrate in groundwater, and the evolution of nitrate trends at different scales: regional, groundwater body, and single well, using spatial and time series statistical approaches. Significant variations in contamination evolution within the study area have been observed and the correlation with land use has been highlighted.
意大利坎帕尼亚地区环境保护局（ARPAC）管理着一个地下水质量监测网络。对于几乎所有受污染的水域而言，驱动分类的关键参数是硝酸盐浓度；因此，坎帕尼亚地区按照欧盟法规，划定了脆弱区域，并采取了补救政策。阿普安纳山脉碳酸盐含水层的地下水质量最佳；相反，第勒尼安海沿海平原受到严重污染，浅层和深层含水层的地下水局部污染非常严重。本研究特别关注坎帕尼亚地区的一个大型沿海平原，该地区的硝酸盐浓度有时超过 200mg/L。该研究基于 2003 年至 2015 年期间整个地区近 200 个采样点的数据（每年约有两个样本），利用空间和时间序列统计方法，验证了地下水监测网络的有效性、当前地下水中硝酸盐的分布情况以及不同尺度（区域、地下水体和单井）的硝酸盐趋势演变情况。研究区内观察到污染演变的显著变化，并强调了与土地利用的相关性。
