School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK.
Bradford Institute for Health Research, Bradford Royal Infirmary, Bradford, UK.
Int J Ment Health Nurs. 2018 Feb;27(1):20-32. doi: 10.1111/inm.12416. Epub 2017 Dec 15.
Rising levels of burnout and poor well-being in healthcare staff are an international concern for health systems. The need to improve well-being and reduce burnout has long been acknowledged, but few interventions target mental healthcare staff, and minimal improvements have been seen in services. This review aimed to examine the problem of burnout and well-being in mental healthcare staff and to present recommendations for future research and interventions. A discursive review was undertaken examining trends, causes, implications, and interventions in burnout and well-being in healthcare staff working in mental health services. Data were drawn from national surveys, reports, and peer-reviewed journal articles. These show that staff in mental healthcare report poorer well-being than staff in other healthcare sectors. Poorer well-being and higher burnout are associated with poorer quality and safety of patient care, higher absenteeism, and higher turnover rates. Interventions are effective, but effect sizes are small. The review concludes that grounding interventions in the research literature, emphasizing the positive aspects of interventions to staff, building stronger links between healthcare organizations and universities, and designing interventions targeting burnout and improved patient care together may improve the effectiveness and uptake of interventions by staff.
医护人员的倦怠感和健康状况不佳日益严重,这是全球各国医疗体系共同面临的问题。人们早就认识到有必要改善医护人员的健康状况,降低其倦怠感,但很少有针对精神科医护人员的干预措施,服务质量也几乎没有得到改善。本综述旨在探讨精神科医护人员的倦怠感和健康问题,并为未来的研究和干预措施提出建议。本文通过文献回顾,探讨了精神卫生服务机构中从事医疗工作的医护人员的倦怠感和健康问题的趋势、原因、影响因素和干预措施。数据来自国家调查、报告和同行评议的期刊文章。这些数据表明,精神科医护人员的健康状况比其他医疗领域的医护人员差。较差的健康状况和较高的倦怠感与较差的患者护理质量和安全性、较高的缺勤率和较高的离职率有关。干预措施是有效的,但效果较小。综述得出的结论是,将干预措施建立在研究文献的基础上,向员工强调干预措施的积极方面,加强医疗机构和大学之间的联系,以及设计针对倦怠感和改善患者护理的联合干预措施,可能会提高员工对干预措施的有效性和接受程度。
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