Faculty of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain.
ATLANTES Research Programme, Institute for Culture and Society, University of Navarra, Edificio Bibliotecas, Campus Universitario, 31009, Pamplona, Spain.
BMC Med Educ. 2017 Dec 16;17(1):257. doi: 10.1186/s12909-017-1098-6.
Medical Schools are challenged to improve palliative care education and to find ways to introduce and nurture attitudes and behaviours such as empathy, patient-centred care and wholistic care. This paper describes the curriculum and evaluation results of a unique course centred on palliative care decision-making but aimed at introducing these other important competencies as well.
The 20 h-long optional course, presented in an art museum, combined different learning methods, including reflections on art, case studies, didactic sessions, personal experiences of faculty, reflective trigger videos and group discussions. A mixed methods approach was used to evaluate the course, including a) a post-course reflective exercise; b) a standardized evaluation form used by the University for all courses; and c) a focus group.
Twenty students (2nd to 6th years) participated. The course was rated highly by the students. Their understanding of palliative care changed and misconceptions were dispelled. They came to appreciate the multifaceted nature of decision-making in the palliative care setting and the need to individualize care plans. Moreover, the course resulted in a re-conceptualization of relationships with patients and families, as well as their role as future physicians.
Palliative care decision-making therefore, augmented by the visual arts, can serve as a vehicle to address several competencies, including the introduction of competencies related to being patient-centred and empathic.
医学院面临着提高姑息治疗教育水平的挑战，需要寻找方法来引入和培养同理心、以患者为中心的护理和整体护理等态度和行为。本文介绍了一门以姑息治疗决策为中心的独特课程的课程设置和评估结果，但也旨在引入其他重要的能力。
这门 20 小时的可选课程在艺术博物馆中进行，结合了多种学习方法，包括对艺术的反思、案例研究、教学课程、教师的个人经验、反思触发视频和小组讨论。采用混合方法评估课程，包括 a）课程结束后的反思练习；b）大学对所有课程使用的标准化评估表；c）焦点小组。
20 名学生（第 2 至 6 年）参加了该课程。学生对该课程的评价很高。他们对姑息治疗的理解发生了变化，消除了误解。他们开始欣赏姑息治疗环境中决策的多面性，以及个性化护理计划的必要性。此外，该课程重新定义了与患者和家属的关系，以及他们作为未来医生的角色。
因此，通过视觉艺术增强的姑息治疗决策可以作为一种手段，解决包括以患者为中心和同理心相关能力在内的多项能力。
