Obregon Carolina, Kumar Rajesh, Pascual Manuel Antonio, Vassalli Giuseppe, Golshayan Déla
Department of Medicine, Transplantation Centre and Transplantation Immunopathology Laboratory, Service of Immunology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Department of Surgery, Transplantation Centre, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Front Immunol. 2017 Nov 20;8:1514. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01514. eCollection 2017.
Dendritic cells (DCs) as highly efficient antigen-presenting cells are at the interface of innate and adaptive immunity. As such, they are key mediators of immunity and antigen-specific immune tolerance. Due to their functional specialization, research efforts have focused on the characterization of DCs subsets involved in the initiation of immunogenic responses and in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis. Tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs)-based therapies have been designed as promising strategies to prevent and control autoimmune diseases as well as allograft rejection after solid organ transplantation (SOT). Despite successful experimental studies and ongoing phase I/II clinical trials using autologous tolDCs in patients with type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and in SOT recipients, additional basic research will be required to determine the optimal DC subset(s) and conditioning regimens for tolDCs-based treatments . In this review, we discuss the characteristics of human DCs and recent advances in their classification, as well as the role of DCs in immune regulation and their susceptibility to or manipulation for the development of tolerogenic therapies, with a focus on the potential of tolDCs for the treatment of autoimmune diseases and the prevention of allograft rejection after SOT.
树突状细胞（DCs）作为高效的抗原呈递细胞，处于固有免疫和适应性免疫的交界处。因此，它们是免疫和抗原特异性免疫耐受的关键介质。由于其功能的特殊性，研究工作主要集中在参与免疫原性反应启动和维持组织稳态的DC亚群的特征描述上。基于耐受性树突状细胞（tolDCs）的疗法已被设计为预防和控制自身免疫性疾病以及实体器官移植（SOT）后同种异体移植排斥反应的有前景的策略。尽管在1型糖尿病、类风湿性关节炎、多发性硬化症患者以及SOT受者中使用自体tolDCs进行的实验研究取得了成功，并且正在进行I/II期临床试验，但仍需要更多的基础研究来确定基于tolDCs治疗的最佳DC亚群和预处理方案。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了人类DCs的特征及其分类的最新进展，以及DCs在免疫调节中的作用及其对耐受性疗法开发的敏感性或可操作性，重点关注tolDCs治疗自身免疫性疾病和预防SOT后同种异体移植排斥反应的潜力。
