Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Insitute, Scheeles Väg 2, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Seville, c/Prof. García González, s/n, 41012 Seville, Spain.
Anal Chim Acta. 2018 Jan 25;999:27-36. doi: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.09.027. Epub 2017 Sep 28.
This tutorial discusses continuous electromembrane extraction (c-EME) coupled directly to mass spectrometry (MS), and the applicability of such systems for on-line and real-time monitoring of in-vitro drug metabolism. Parent drug substances and corresponding drug metabolites are extracted from the metabolic reaction mixture, through a supported liquid membrane (SLM), and into an acceptor solution on the other side. Extraction is accomplished using an external electrical field sustained over the SLM. The acceptor solution is continuously pumped into the mass spectrometer, and the decline of parent drug as well as the development of metabolites is followed directly with the mass spectrometer. The purpose of the extraction is to avoid proteins and salts from the reaction mixture from entering the mass spectrometer. This tutorial first discusses the principles and theory of operation. Second, technical development is highlighted with special focus on major challenges associated with c-EME-MS systems. Third, operational parameters and performance are discussed, and finally future perspectives and challenges are considered.
本教程讨论了连续电膜萃取（c-EME）与质谱（MS）直接耦合，并讨论了此类系统在体外药物代谢的在线和实时监测中的适用性。母体药物物质和相应的药物代谢物通过支撑液膜（SLM）从代谢反应混合物中提取，并进入另一侧的接受溶液中。通过在 SLM 上施加外部电场来完成提取。接受溶液被连续泵入质谱仪中，直接用质谱仪跟踪母体药物的减少和代谢物的发展。萃取的目的是避免反应混合物中的蛋白质和盐进入质谱仪。本教程首先讨论了原理和操作理论。其次，重点介绍了技术发展，特别关注与 c-EME-MS 系统相关的主要挑战。第三，讨论了操作参数和性能，最后考虑了未来的前景和挑战。
