Curtis S E, Hurst R J, Widowski T M, Shanks R D, Jensen A H, Gonyou H W, Bane D P, Muehling A J, Kesler R P
Anim. Sci. Dept., University of Illinois, Urbana 61801.
J Anim Sci. 1989 Jan;67(1):80-93. doi: 10.2527/jas1989.67180x.
The effects of sow-crate design on certain health and performance traits of 211 sows and their piglets were evaluated with a 2 X 2 X 4 factorial arrangement of crate width (narrow [N = 55 cm] or wide [W = 64] between lowest horizontal pipes), length (short [S = 183 cm] or long [L = 198] from rump stop to front gate) and side type (lower side of sow crate "fingered" [F], "bowed" bottom bar--marking the sow zone 19.3 cm wider at the bottom--20 cm above the floor [B], or straight bottom bar 20 cm [S20] or 25 cm above the floor [S25]). Between d 107 to 110 postcoitum and d 21 postpartum, no crate design variable affected the sow's body-weight change, but side type tended to affect the most prominent head-neck and leg integumentary lesions. Number of stillborn piglets/litter was greater with W crates than with N, except with crates having S20 sides, and was greater with L crates than with S. More piglets were crushed to death in W crates than N crates, and stillbirth frequency was greater in L crates than in S, but overall preweaning piglet mortality was affected by no crate-design feature. At both 7 and 21 d of age, piglets' knee lesions were most severe with S20 crates and least with S25, whereas face-lesion score was unaffected by crate design. Piglet body weight at age 21 d was least with S20 crates and greatest with F and S25. No crate-design variable affected within-litter variation in piglet growth rate. Sow-crate design affected important health and performance traits of piglets through postnatal d 21.
采用2×2×4析因设计，评估了母猪限位栏设计对211头母猪及其仔猪某些健康和生产性能指标的影响。限位栏设计因素包括最低水平钢管之间的宽度（窄栏[N = 55厘米]或宽栏[W = 64厘米]）、从臀部限位器到前门的长度（短栏[S = 183厘米]或长栏[L = 198厘米]）以及侧边类型（母猪限位栏下侧为“指状”[F]、底部横杆为“弓形”——底部母猪区域宽19.3厘米——离地面20厘米[B]，或底部横杆为直杆，离地面20厘米[S20]或25厘米[S25]）。在妊娠107至110天和产后21天期间，限位栏设计变量均未影响母猪体重变化，但侧边类型倾向于影响最明显的头颈和腿部皮肤损伤。每窝死胎数，除了侧边为S20的限位栏外，宽栏限位栏的多于窄栏限位栏，长栏限位栏的多于短栏限位栏。宽栏限位栏中被压死的仔猪比窄栏限位栏的多，长栏限位栏的死胎率高于短栏限位栏，但总体断奶前仔猪死亡率不受限位栏设计特征的影响。在7日龄和21日龄时，S20限位栏的仔猪膝关节损伤最严重，S25限位栏的最轻，而面部损伤评分不受限位栏设计的影响。21日龄时，S20限位栏的仔猪体重最轻，F和S25限位栏的仔猪体重最重。限位栏设计变量不影响窝内仔猪生长率的差异。母猪限位栏设计对仔猪出生后21天内的重要健康和生产性能指标有影响。
