State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 18, Shuangqing Road, Beijing 100085, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19, Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2017 Dec 18;14(12):1595. doi: 10.3390/ijerph14121595.
Long term exposure to trace metals in various media is of great concern for people living in known pollution sources, such as mining and industrial activities. Health risk assessment and human hair analysis can provide important information for local environmental management. Information on distribution characteristics of trace metals in soil, water, sediment, air, local crops, and human hair from a typical mining area in southern China was collected. Results show there exists severely trace metal contamination in soil, sediment, and air. Arsenic and Pb contents in the local children's hair are higher than the upper reference values, and the accumulation of residents' hair trace metals shows great correlation with the ingestion and inhalation pathways. Arsenic contributes 52.27% and 58.51% to the total non-cancer risk of adults and children, respectively. The cancer risk of Cd in adults and children are 4.66 and 3.22 times higher than the safe level, respectively. Ingestion exposure pathway of trace metals largely contributes to the total non-cancer and cancer effect. The metals As, Cd, and Pb are major risk sources and pollutants that should be given priority for management, and ingestion pathway exposure to trace metals through soil and crops should be controlled.
长期暴露在各种介质中的痕量金属对生活在已知污染源（如采矿和工业活动）的人来说是非常关注的问题。健康风险评估和人类头发分析可以为当地环境管理提供重要信息。本研究采集了中国南方某典型矿区土壤、水、沉积物、空气、当地作物和人发中痕量金属的分布特征信息。结果表明，土壤、沉积物和空气中存在严重的痕量金属污染。当地儿童头发中的砷和 Pb 含量高于参考上限值，居民头发中痕量金属的积累与摄入和吸入途径有很大的相关性。砷对成人和儿童的非癌症总风险的贡献率分别为 52.27%和 58.51%。成人和儿童的 Cd 癌症风险分别是安全水平的 4.66 倍和 3.22 倍。痕量金属的摄入暴露途径在很大程度上导致了非癌症和癌症的综合效应。As、Cd 和 Pb 是主要的风险源和污染物，应优先管理，应控制通过土壤和作物摄入途径对痕量金属的暴露。
