Ueda Nao, Yokouchi Ryoki, Onoda Taro, Ogihara Atsushi
Graduate School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
Department of Health Sciences and Social Welfare, School of Human Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa, Japan.
JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2017 Dec 19;3(4):e97. doi: 10.2196/publichealth.8237.
Media coverage and reports have a major influence on individual vaccination and other health-related activities. People use the media to seek information and knowledge on health-related behaviors. They obtain health-related information from media such as television and newspapers, and they trust such information. While several studies have examined the relation between media coverage and individual health, there is a lack of studies that have analyzed media reports of health information. In particular, we have found no analyses related to cervical cancer (human papillomavirus [HPV]) vaccine.
This study aimed to identify mentions of cervical cancer vaccine in Japan's printed news media and to determine their characteristics.
We used the archival databases of 2 Japanese newspapers, Yomiuri Shimbun (Yomidasu Rekishikan) and Asahi Shimbun (Kikuzo II Visual), for text mining. First, we created a database by extracting articles published between January 1, 2007, and December 31, 2014, that matched the terms "cervical cancer" AND "vaccination" in a keyword search. Then, we tallied the extracted articles based on the month of publication and number of characters in order to conduct a time-series analysis.
We extracted a total of 219 articles. Of these, 154 (70.3%) were positive and 51 (23.3%) were negative toward HPV vaccination. Of the 51 negative articles, 4 (7.8%) were published before June 2013, when routine vaccination was temporarily discontinued due to concerns regarding side effects, and 47 (92.2%) were published since then. The negative reports commonly cited side effects, although prior to June 2013, these issues were hardly mentioned. Although foreign media reports mentioned side effects before routine vaccination was temporarily discontinued, fewer articles mentioned side effects than recommendations for vaccination. Furthermore, on June 13, 2013, the World Health Organization's advisory body Global Advisory Committee on Vaccine Safety issued a statement regarding the safety of HPV vaccines, but hardly any articles reported this statement. Rather, several articles were published about the side effects after June 2013.
Since we consider media coverage to be a factor affecting human health behavior, the media should extensively report on the cost of not receiving cervical cancer vaccination, global trends concerning cervical cancer vaccination, and statements released by various agencies on the subject.
媒体报道对个人疫苗接种及其他与健康相关的活动有着重大影响。人们利用媒体来获取有关健康相关行为的信息和知识。他们从电视和报纸等媒体获取健康相关信息，并信任此类信息。虽然已有多项研究探讨了媒体报道与个人健康之间的关系，但缺乏对健康信息媒体报道的分析。特别是，我们尚未发现与宫颈癌（人乳头瘤病毒[HPV]）疫苗相关的分析。
本研究旨在确定日本纸质新闻媒体中对宫颈癌疫苗的提及情况，并确定其特征。
我们使用了日本两家报纸《读卖新闻》（《読売新聞歴史館》）和《朝日新闻》（《朝日新聞 記蔵IIビジュアル》）的存档数据库进行文本挖掘。首先，我们通过在关键词搜索中提取2007年1月1日至2014年12月31日期间发表的与“宫颈癌”和“疫苗接种”匹配的文章来创建数据库。然后，我们根据发表月份和字符数对提取的文章进行计数，以便进行时间序列分析。
我们共提取了219篇文章。其中，154篇（70.3%）对HPV疫苗接种呈积极态度，51篇（23.3%）呈消极态度。在51篇消极文章中，4篇（7.8%）发表于2013年6月之前，当时由于对副作用的担忧，常规疫苗接种暂时中断，47篇（92.2%）自那时起发表。负面报道通常提及副作用，不过在2013年6月之前，这些问题几乎未被提及。尽管外国媒体报道在常规疫苗接种暂时中断之前就提到了副作用，但提及副作用的文章比推荐疫苗接种的文章少。此外，2013年6月13日，世界卫生组织的咨询机构全球疫苗安全咨询委员会发表了关于HPV疫苗安全性的声明，但几乎没有文章报道这一声明。相反，2013年6月之后发表了几篇关于副作用的文章。
由于我们认为媒体报道是影响人类健康行为的一个因素，媒体应广泛报道不接种宫颈癌疫苗的代价、全球宫颈癌疫苗接种趋势以及各机构就此发布的声明。
