Dalela Deepansh, Ahlawat Rajesh, Sood Akshay, Jeong Wooju, Bhandari Mahendra, Menon Mani
Henry Ford Health System - Vattikuti Urology Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.
Medanta Hospitals - Medanta Vattikuti Urology Institute, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.
Asian J Urol. 2015 Jan;2(1):1-10. doi: 10.1016/j.ajur.2014.09.010. Epub 2015 Apr 16.
A major role in the establishment of computer-assisted robotic surgery (CARS) can be traced to the work of Mani Menon at Vattikuti Urology Institute (VUI), and of many surgeons of Asian origin. The success of robotic surgery in urology has spurred its acceptance in other surgical disciplines, improving patient comfort and disease outcomes and helping the industrial growth. The present paper gives an overview of the progress and development of robotic surgery, especially in the field of Urology; and to underscore some of the seminal work done by the VUI and Asian surgeons in the development of robotic surgery in urology in the US and around the world.
PubMed/Medline and Scopus databases were searched for publications from 2000 through June 2014, using algorithms based on keywords "robotic surgery", "prostate", "kidney", "adrenal", "bladder", "reconstruction", and "kidney transplant". Inclusion criteria used were published full articles, book chapters, clinical trials, prospective and retrospective series, and systematic reviews/meta-analyses written in English language. Studies from Asian institutions or with the first/senior author of Asian origin were included for discussion, and focused on techniques of robotic surgery, relevant patient outcomes and associated demographic trends.
A total of 58 articles selected for final review highlight the important strides made by robots in urology, from robotic radical prostatectomy in 2000 to robotic kidney transplant in 2014. In the hands of an experienced robotic surgeon, it has been demonstrated to improve functional patient outcomes and minimize perioperative complications compared to open surgery, especially in urologic oncology and reconstructive urology. With increasing surgeon proficiency, the benefits of robotic surgery were consistently seen across different surgical disciplines, patient populations, and strata.
The addition of robot to the surgical armamentarium has allowed better patient care and improved disease outcomes. VUI and surgeons of Asian origin have played a pioneering role in dissemination of computer-assisted surgery.
计算机辅助机器人手术（CARS）的建立很大程度上可追溯到瓦蒂库蒂泌尿学研究所（VUI）的马尼·梅农以及许多亚裔外科医生的工作。机器人手术在泌尿外科的成功促使其在其他外科领域得到认可，提高了患者舒适度和疾病治疗效果，并推动了产业发展。本文概述了机器人手术的进展与发展，特别是在泌尿外科领域；并强调了VUI和亚裔外科医生在美国及全球泌尿外科机器人手术发展中所做的一些开创性工作。
检索PubMed/Medline和Scopus数据库中2000年至2014年6月期间的出版物，使用基于关键词“机器人手术”“前列腺”“肾脏”“肾上腺”“膀胱”“重建”和“肾脏移植”的算法。纳入标准为已发表的全文、书籍章节、临床试验、前瞻性和回顾性系列以及用英语撰写的系统评价/荟萃分析。纳入讨论的是来自亚洲机构或第一/资深作者为亚裔的研究，重点关注机器人手术技术、相关患者结局及相关人口统计学趋势。
共58篇文章被选入最终综述，突出了机器人在泌尿外科取得的重要进展，从2000年的机器人根治性前列腺切除术到2014年的机器人肾脏移植。在经验丰富的机器人外科医生手中，与开放手术相比，已证明其能改善患者功能结局并将围手术期并发症降至最低，尤其是在泌尿外科肿瘤学和重建泌尿外科领域。随着外科医生熟练程度的提高，机器人手术的益处始终体现在不同外科领域、患者群体和阶层中。
将机器人添加到手术器械库中实现了更好的患者护理并改善了疾病治疗效果。VUI和亚裔外科医生在计算机辅助手术的传播中发挥了开创性作用。
