Wiesing Urban
Institute for Ethics and the History of Medicine, University of Tübingen, Gartenstr. 47, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.
Med Health Care Philos. 2018 Dec;21(4):457-466. doi: 10.1007/s11019-017-9820-z.
Personalized medicine plays an important role in the development of current medicine. Among the numerous statements regarding the future of personalized medicine, some can be found that accord medicine a new scientific status. Medicine will be transformed from an art to a science due to personalized medicine. This prognosis is supported by references to models of historical developments. The article examines what is meant by this prognosis, what consequences it entails, and how feasible it is. It refers to the long tradition of epistemological thinking in medicine and the use of historical models for the development of medicine. The possible answers to the question "art or science" are systematized with respect to the core question about the relationship between knowledge and action. The prediction for medicine to develop from an 'empirical healing art' to a 'rational, molecular science' is nonsensical from an epistemological point of view. The historical models employed to substantiate the development of personalized medicine are questionable.
个性化医疗在当前医学发展中发挥着重要作用。在众多关于个性化医疗未来的表述中，可以发现一些赋予医学新科学地位的观点。由于个性化医疗，医学将从一门艺术转变为一门科学。这一预测得到了对历史发展模式的引用支持。本文探讨了这一预测意味着什么、它会带来哪些后果以及其可行性如何。它涉及医学中认识论思维的悠久传统以及历史模式在医学发展中的运用。关于“艺术还是科学”这一问题的可能答案，是围绕知识与行动之间关系的核心问题进行系统化梳理的。从认识论角度来看，医学从“经验性治疗艺术”发展为“理性的分子科学”这一预测是荒谬的。用于证实个性化医疗发展的历史模式是值得怀疑的。
