Elefant Ashley B, Contreras Omar, Muñoz Ricardo F, Bunge Eduardo L, Leykin Yan
Palo Alto University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Internet Interv. 2017 Dec;10:17-22. doi: 10.1016/j.invent.2017.08.004. Epub 2017 Sep 1.
Untreated depression remains one of the largest public health concerns. However, barriers such as unavailability of mental health providers and high cost of services limit the number of people able to benefit from traditional treatments. Though unsupported Internet interventions have proven effective at bypassing many of these barriers given their reach and scalability, attrition from interventions has been an ongoing concern. Microinterventions, or ultra-brief online tools meant to produce a rapid improvement in mood, may offer a way to provide the benefits of unsupported Internet interventions quickly, before attrition might occur. This study examined the immediate and lasting effects of three microinterventions (Breathing Exercises, Thought Records, and a Pleasant Activities Selector) on mood and distress. Participants (N=122) were randomized into three groups, each group completing two of the three microinterventions. Participants were asked to rate their mood and level of distress before and after completing the microintervention. Depression and perceived stress were assessed at baseline and at four weekly follow-ups. Although lasting effects were not found, a significant within-group reduction in distress and improvement in mood were observed immediately following the completion of the microintervention. This study demonstrates the potential benefits of microinterventions to individuals for their immediate needs vis-à-vis mood and distress.
未经治疗的抑郁症仍然是最大的公共卫生问题之一。然而，诸如心理健康服务提供者不足和服务成本高昂等障碍限制了能够从传统治疗中受益的人数。尽管无支持的互联网干预措施因其覆盖面和可扩展性已被证明能有效绕过许多此类障碍，但干预措施中的人员流失一直是一个持续存在的问题。微干预，即旨在迅速改善情绪的超简短在线工具，可能提供一种方法，在人员流失可能发生之前迅速提供无支持互联网干预措施的益处。本研究考察了三种微干预措施（呼吸练习、思维记录和愉快活动选择器）对情绪和痛苦的即时和持久影响。参与者（N = 122）被随机分为三组，每组完成三种微干预措施中的两种。参与者被要求在完成微干预措施前后对自己的情绪和痛苦程度进行评分。在基线和每周一次的四次随访中评估抑郁和感知压力。虽然未发现持久影响，但在完成微干预措施后立即观察到组内痛苦显著减轻且情绪有所改善。这项研究证明了微干预措施针对个人即时的情绪和痛苦需求所具有的潜在益处。
