a School of Psychology and Public Health , La Trobe University , Bundoora , Australia.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2018 Apr;32(3):368-390. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2017.1414885. Epub 2017 Dec 22.
Neuropsychological assessment (NPA) addresses important aspects of diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and rehabilitation planning. This review set out to determine the impact of NPA on the adult patient's outcome, by examining how and whether NPA influences diagnostic decision-making and surgical planning, how NPA can be used to predict patient outcome, and how clients, referrers, and significant others perceive the value of NPA.
Eligible studies were selected according to pre-defined selection criteria and accessed via the electronic databases Medline and PsycInfo.
Eighty-one studies were included, with 14 examining the influence of NPA on diagnosis, 62 in predicting outcomes, and 5 addressing the perceptions of NPA by users. The evidence was generally supportive of the value of NPA for its ability to increase the accuracy of diagnoses, to assist with decisions regarding surgical planning, to predict patient outcomes, and in its clinical benefit as reported by physicians and patients.
The review demonstrated the benefit of NPA in assisting with diagnosis and prognosis, and showed positive findings with regard to consumer perceptions of NPA. The neuropsychological literature would materially benefit from high-quality randomized control trials of NPA to definitively demonstrate the efficacy of this measure in clinical management.
神经心理学评估（NPA）涉及诊断、预后、治疗和康复计划等重要方面。本综述旨在通过检查 NPA 如何以及是否影响诊断决策和手术计划、如何使用 NPA 预测患者预后以及客户、转诊者和重要他人如何看待 NPA 的价值，来确定 NPA 对成年患者结局的影响。
根据预先确定的选择标准，通过电子数据库 Medline 和 PsycInfo 选择符合条件的研究。
共纳入 81 项研究，其中 14 项研究探讨了 NPA 对诊断的影响，62 项研究预测了结果，5 项研究涉及用户对 NPA 的看法。证据普遍支持 NPA 的价值，因为它能够提高诊断的准确性，有助于做出关于手术计划的决策，预测患者的预后，以及医生和患者报告的临床获益。
本综述表明 NPA 在辅助诊断和预后方面具有益处，并显示出消费者对 NPA 的看法的积极结果。神经心理学文献将从 NPA 的高质量随机对照试验中受益，以明确证明该措施在临床管理中的疗效。
