Scaia María Florencia, Morandini Leonel, Noguera Cristobal Alejandro, Ramallo Martín Roberto, Somoza Gustavo Manuel, Pandolfi Matías
Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada - CONICET, Ciudad Auntónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental y Aplicada - CONICET, Ciudad Auntónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina; Laboratorio de Neuroendocrinología y Comportamiento, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Behav Processes. 2018 Feb;147:61-69. doi: 10.1016/j.beproc.2017.12.015. Epub 2017 Dec 19.
Aggression is an extremely complex behaviour and female aggression is understudied when compared to males. Despite the fact that it has been suggested that conflict among females may be more frequently resolved peacefully, in many species females show high levels of aggression. We used Cichlasoma dimerus to describe dynamics and conflict outcome in intrasexual agonistic encounters. We performed encounters of two sex-matched animals in a neutral arena and we recorded agonistic interactions during one hour. All aggressive and submissive behaviours were described and quantified to perform the ethogram. Encounters followed three phases: pre-contest, contest and post-resolution. Latency, time of resolution and frequency of aggressive displays did not differ between sexes. Relative variations in size between female opponents better explained aggression outcome in each contest, since higher levels of aggression occurred in dyads of more similar fish. However, this was not observed in males, suggesting that probably morphological characteristics could be less relevant in male conflict resolution. Altogether these results suggest that in this ethological context, C. dimerus females are as aggressive as males and that they have similar motivation towards territorial aggression, emphasizing the need of deepening the study of aggression in females and not only in males.
攻击行为是一种极其复杂的行为，与雄性相比，雌性攻击行为的研究较少。尽管有人认为雌性之间的冲突可能更常以和平方式解决，但在许多物种中，雌性表现出高度的攻击性。我们使用双斑丽体鱼来描述同性间争斗性遭遇中的动态和冲突结果。我们在一个中立的场地中让两只性别匹配的动物进行遭遇，并记录了一小时内的争斗性互动。描述并量化了所有攻击和顺从行为，以编制行为谱。遭遇分为三个阶段：赛前、赛中及冲突解决后。潜伏期、解决时间和攻击展示频率在性别之间没有差异。雌性对手之间相对的体型差异能更好地解释每场争斗中的攻击结果，因为在体型更相近的鱼的二元组中会出现更高水平的攻击行为。然而，在雄性中未观察到这种情况，这表明形态特征在雄性冲突解决中可能不太重要。总之，这些结果表明，在这种行为学背景下，双斑丽体鱼的雌性与雄性一样具有攻击性，并且它们对领地攻击具有相似的动机，强调了不仅要深入研究雄性攻击行为，还需要加深对雌性攻击行为研究的必要性。
