MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, U.K.
Biochem Soc Trans. 2018 Feb 19;46(1):43-50. doi: 10.1042/BST20170188. Epub 2017 Dec 22.
Cells face a complex problem: how to transfer lipids and proteins between membrane compartments in an organized, timely fashion. Indeed, many thousands of membrane and secretory proteins must traffic out of the ER to different organelles to function, while others are retrieved from the plasma membrane having fulfilled their roles [Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. (2013) , 382-392]. This process is highly dynamic and failure to target cargo accurately leads to catastrophic consequences for the cell, as is clear from the numerous human diseases associated with defects in membrane trafficking [Int. J. Mol. Sci. (2013) , 18670-18681; Traffic (2000) , 836-851]. How then does the cell organize this enormous transfer of material in its crowded internal environment? And how specifically do vesicles carrying proteins and lipids recognize and fuse with the correct compartment?
如何在有组织、及时的方式下在膜隔室之间转移脂质和蛋白质。事实上，成千上万的膜和分泌蛋白必须从内质网运送到不同的细胞器才能发挥作用，而其他蛋白在完成其功能后则从质膜被回收[Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol. (2013), 382-392]。这个过程是高度动态的，如果货物不能被准确地靶向，那么对细胞来说就会产生灾难性的后果，这从与膜运输缺陷相关的许多人类疾病中就可以明显看出[Int. J. Mol. Sci. (2013), 18670-18681; Traffic (2000), 836-851]。那么，细胞如何在其拥挤的内部环境中组织这种巨大的物质转移呢？而且，携带蛋白质和脂质的囊泡如何特异性地识别并与正确的隔室融合呢？
