Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR1331, 3, Av Agrobiopole, 31062 Toulouse, France; Toxalim (Research Centre in Food Toxicology), Université de Toulouse, INRA, ENVT, INP-Purpan, UPS, 180 Chemin de Tournefeuille, BP 93173, 31027 Toulouse Cedex 3, France; ENTPE-CNRS, UMR 5023 LEHNA, 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France.
Ecolab, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, UMR1331, 3, Av Agrobiopole, 31062 Toulouse, France; ADEME, 20 Avenue du Grésillé, 49000 Angers, France.
Sci Total Environ. 2018 May 15;624:831-837. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.12.071. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
Because of its high persistence in soils, t=30years, chlordecone (CLD) was classified as a persistent organic pollutant (POP) by the Stockholm Convention in 2009.The distribution of CLD over time has been heterogeneous, ranging from banana plantations to watersheds, and contaminating all environmental compartments. The aims of this study were to (i) evaluate the potential of Miscanthus species to extract chlordecone from contaminated soils, (ii) identify the growth parameters that influence the transfer of CLD from the soil to aboveground plant parts. CLD uptake was investigated in two species of Miscanthus, C4 plants adapted to tropical climates. M. sinensis and M.×giganteus were transplanted in a soil spiked with [C]CLD at environmental concentrations (1mgkg) under controlled conditions. Root-shoot transfer of CLD was compared in the two species after two growing periods (2 then 6months) after transplantation. CLD was found in all plant organs, roots, rhizomes, stems, leaves, and even flower spikes. The highest concentration of CLD was in the roots, 5398±1636 (M.×giganteus) and 14842±3210ngg DW (M. sinensis), whereas the concentration in shoots was lower, 152±28 (M.×giganteus) and 266±70ngg DW (M. sinensis) in soil contaminated at 1mgkg. CLD translocation led to an acropetal gradient from the bottom to the top of the plants. CLD concentrations were also monitored over two complete growing periods (10months) in M. sinensis grown in 8.05mgkg CLD contaminated soils. Concentrations decreased in M. sinensis shoots after the second growth period due to the increase in organic matters in the vicinity of the roots. Results showed that, owing to their respective biomass production, the two species were equally efficient at phytoextraction of CLD.
由于其在土壤中的高持久性（半衰期为 30 年），氯丹（CLD）于 2009 年被《斯德哥尔摩公约》列为持久性有机污染物（POP）。CLD 的分布随时间而异，从香蕉种植园到流域，污染了所有的环境。本研究的目的是：（i）评估芒属植物从污染土壤中提取氯丹的潜力；（ii）确定影响 CLD 从土壤向地上植物部分转移的生长参数。在受控条件下，将两种芒属植物（适应热带气候的 C4 植物）芒属和杂交芒属移栽到含有[C]CLD 的土壤中，浓度为环境浓度（1mgkg）。在移栽后两个生长阶段（2 个月和 6 个月）后，比较了两种植物的根-茎转移。CLD 存在于所有植物器官中，包括根、根茎、茎、叶，甚至花序。根中 CLD 的浓度最高，杂交芒属和芒属分别为 5398±1636ngg DW 和 14842±3210ngg DW，而地上部分的浓度较低，杂交芒属和芒属分别为 152±28ngg DW 和 266±70ngg DW。在污染土壤中 1mgkg 的 CLD 浓度下，CLD 的转移导致从植物底部到顶部的向顶梯度。还在污染土壤中生长的芒属植物中监测了 CLD 的浓度，浓度在两个完整的生长周期（10 个月）中逐渐降低。由于根部附近有机物的增加，第二个生长周期后，芒属植物地上部分的浓度降低。结果表明，由于各自的生物量生产，两种植物在 CLD 的植物提取方面同样有效。
