BRGM - Water, Environment and Ecotechnologies Division, 3 Av. Claude Guillemin, 45060, Orléans, Cedex 2, France.
BRGM - Laboratory Division, 3 Av. Claude Guillemin, 45060, Orléans, Cedex 2, France.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Nov;24(33):25500-25512. doi: 10.1007/s11356-016-7582-4. Epub 2016 Sep 15.
Chlordecone (CLD), a highly persistent organochlorine pesticide commonly encountered in French West Indies (FWI) agricultural soils, represents a major source of contamination of FWI ecosystems. The potential of chemical reduction for remediation of CLD-contaminated soil has been investigated in laboratory pilot-scale 80 kg mesocosms for andosol, ferralsol, and nitisol from FWI banana plantations. Six cycles consisting of a 3-week reducing phase followed by a 1-week oxidizing phase were applied, with 2 % (dw/dw) Daramend® (organic plant matter fortified with zero valent iron) added at the start of each cycle. Complementary amendments of zero valent iron and zinc (total of 3 % dw/dw) were added at the start of the first three cycles. After the 6-month treatment, the CLD soil concentration was lowered by 74 % in nitisol, 71 % in ferralsol, and 22 % in andosol. Eleven CLD-dechlorinated transformation products, from mono- to penta-dechlorinated, were identified. None of them accumulated over the duration of the experiment. Six of the seven ecotoxicological tests applied showed no difference between the control and treated soils. The treatment applied in this study may offer a means to remediate CLD-contaminated soils, especially nitisol and ferralsol.
氯丹（CLD）是一种高度持久的有机氯农药，常见于法属西印度群岛（FWI）农业土壤中，是 FWI 生态系统污染的主要来源之一。已经在实验室中对 FWI 香蕉种植园中源自和土壤、铁铝土和赤红壤的 80kg 中试规模的生态系统进行了化学还原修复 CLD 污染土壤的潜力研究。应用了包括 3 周还原阶段和 1 周氧化阶段在内的六个周期，每个周期开始时添加 2%（干重/干重）的 Daramend®（富含零价铁的有机植物物质）。在前三个周期开始时还添加了零价铁和锌的补充剂（总 3% 干重/干重）。经过 6 个月的处理，赤红壤中 CLD 土壤浓度降低了 74%，铁铝土降低了 71%，和土壤降低了 22%。鉴定出了 11 种从单脱氯到五脱氯的 CLD 脱氯转化产物，在整个实验过程中它们均未积累。应用的 7 种生态毒理学测试中的 6 种均表明，对照土壤和处理土壤之间没有差异。本研究中应用的处理方法可能为修复 CLD 污染土壤提供了一种途径，特别是赤红壤和铁铝土。
