Short Sarah P, Costacurta Patricia W, Williams Christopher S
Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.
Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep. 2017 Jun;13(3):183-191. doi: 10.1007/s11888-017-0363-8. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
The three-dimensional (3D) structure of the intestine is a key determinant of differentiation and function; thus, preserving this architecture is an important consideration for studies of intestinal homeostasis and disease. Over the past decade, a number of systems for 3D intestinal organoid cultures have been developed and adapted to model a wide variety of biological phenomenon.
We discuss the current state of intestinal and colorectal cancer (CRC) 3D modeling, the most common methods for generating organoid cultures, and how these have yielded insights into intestinal physiology and tumor biology.
Organoids have been used to model numerous aspects of intestinal physiology and disease. Recent adaptations have further improved disease modeling and high-throughput therapeutic screening.
These studies show intestinal organoid models are a robust, highly tractable system which maintains many vital features of intestinal tissue, making them a pivotal step forward in the field of gastroenterology.
肠道的三维（3D）结构是分化和功能的关键决定因素；因此，保留这种结构是肠道稳态和疾病研究的重要考量因素。在过去十年中，已经开发了多种用于3D肠道类器官培养的系统，并对其进行了改进，以模拟各种各样的生物学现象。
我们讨论了肠道和结直肠癌（CRC）3D建模的现状、生成类器官培养物的最常用方法，以及这些方法如何为肠道生理学和肿瘤生物学提供了见解。
类器官已被用于模拟肠道生理学和疾病的多个方面。最近的改进进一步完善了疾病建模和高通量治疗筛选。
这些研究表明，肠道类器官模型是一个强大且易于操作的系统，它保留了肠道组织的许多重要特征，使其成为胃肠病学领域向前迈出的关键一步。
