[3D printed medical devices and anatomical models: What kind of distribution and which uses in French hospitals?].

3D printing plays an increasingly important role in the medical sector and particularly in surgery. Nowadays, numerous manufacturers benefit from this technology to produce their medical devices and some hospitals have also purchased 3D printers. In this context, the aim of the present study was to study the distribution and the use of 3D printing in French hospitals in order to its main features in surgery. By conducting a national survey, we targeted hospitals equipped with 3D printers and those using external providers to benefit from this technology. Forty-seven hospitals were identified as using 3D printing including eight equipped with in-house 3D printers. This work gives us a first picture of 3D printing for hospital use in France and it raises questions about hospital pharmacists' involvement in 3D printed medical device production.