J Phys Act Health. 2018 Apr 1;15(4):303-314. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0184. Epub 2017 Dec 26.
Noncommunicable diseases and obesity are considered problems of wealthy, developed countries. These conditions are rising dramatically in developing countries. Most existing research on the role of the physical environment to support physical activity examines developed countries only.
This review identifies physical environment factors that are associated with physical activity in developing countries.
This review is modeled on a highly cited review by Saelens and Handy in 2008. The current review analyzes findings from 159 empirical studies in the 138 developing countries.
Results discuss the association of physical environment features and physical activity for all developing countries and identify the patterns within regions. The review supports the association of traffic safety with physical activity for transportation. Rural (vs urban) residence, distance to nonresidential land uses, and "composite" features of the physical environment are associated with general physical activity. Rural (vs urban) residence is associated with physical activity for work.
More research is needed on associations between the physical environment and physical activity in developing countries. Research should identify specific physical environment features in urban areas that are associated with higher activity levels.
非传染性疾病和肥胖被认为是富裕发达国家的问题。这些疾病在发展中国家迅速上升。大多数关于支持身体活动的物理环境作用的现有研究仅针对发达国家。
本综述旨在确定与发展中国家身体活动相关的物理环境因素。
本综述以 Saelens 和 Handy 于 2008 年发表的一篇高引用率的综述为基础。本综述分析了 138 个发展中国家的 159 项实证研究的结果。
结果讨论了所有发展中国家的物理环境特征与身体活动之间的关联，并确定了区域内的模式。该综述支持交通安全与交通活动之间的关联。农村（与城市相比）居住、到非居住用地的距离以及物理环境的“综合”特征与一般身体活动有关。农村（与城市相比）居住与工作活动有关。
需要对发展中国家身体环境与身体活动之间的关系进行更多的研究。研究应确定与更高活动水平相关的城市地区的具体物理环境特征。
