Rana Rishi, Ganguly Rajiv, Gupta Ashok Kumar
Department of Civil Engineering, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, District, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, 173234, India.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Dec 26;190(1):46. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6417-1.
Dumping of solid waste in a non-engineered landfill site often leads to contamination of ground water due to leachate percolation into ground water. The present paper assesses the pollution potential of leachate generated from three non-engineered landfill sites located in the Tricity region (one each in cities of Chandigarh, Mohali and Panchkula) of Northern India and its possible effects of contamination of groundwater. Analysis of physico-chemical properties of leachate from all the three landfill sites and the surrounding groundwater samples from five different downwind distances from each of the landfill sites were collected and tested to determine the leachate pollution index (LPI) and the water quality index (WQI). The Leachate Pollution Index values of 26.1, 27 and 27.8 respectively for landfill sites of Chandigarh (CHD), Mohali (MOH) and Panchkula (PKL) cities showed that the leachate generated are contaminated. The average pH values of the leachate samples over the sampling period (9.2 for CHD, 8.97 for MOH and 8.9 for PKL) show an alkaline nature indicating that all the three landfill sites could be classified as mature to old stage. The WQI calculated over the different downwind distances from the contamination sites showed that the quality of the groundwater improved with an increase in the downwind distance. Principal component analysis (PCA) carried out established major components mainly from natural and anthropogenic sources with cumulative variance of 88% for Chandigarh, 87.1% for Mohali and 87.8% for Panchkula. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) identifies three distinct cluster types for the groundwater samples. These clusters corresponds to a relatively low pollution, moderate pollution and high pollution regions. It is suggested that all the three non-engineered landfill sites be converted to engineered landfill sites to prevent groundwater contamination and also new sites be considered for construction of these engineered landfill sites as the present dumpsites are nearing the end of their lifespan capacity.
在非工程垃圾填埋场倾倒固体废物，往往会因渗滤液渗入地下水而导致地下水污染。本文评估了位于印度北部特里市地区（昌迪加尔、莫哈利和潘切库拉市各一个）的三个非工程垃圾填埋场产生的渗滤液的污染潜力及其对地下水污染的可能影响。收集并测试了来自所有三个垃圾填埋场的渗滤液以及来自每个垃圾填埋场下风向五个不同距离处的周围地下水样本的物理化学性质，以确定渗滤液污染指数（LPI）和水质指数（WQI）。昌迪加尔（CHD）、莫哈利（MOH）和潘切库拉（PKL）市垃圾填埋场的渗滤液污染指数值分别为26.1、27和27.8，表明产生的渗滤液已被污染。采样期间渗滤液样本的平均pH值（CHD为9.2，MOH为8.97，PKL为8.9）呈碱性，表明所有三个垃圾填埋场都可归类为成熟至老化阶段。在离污染场地不同下风向距离处计算的WQI表明，地下水质量随着下风向距离的增加而改善。进行的主成分分析（PCA）确定主要成分主要来自自然和人为来源，昌迪加尔的累积方差为88%，莫哈利为87.1%，潘切库拉为87.8%。层次聚类分析（HCA）为地下水样本识别出三种不同的聚类类型。这些聚类对应于污染相对较低、中度污染和高度污染区域。建议将所有三个非工程垃圾填埋场改建为工程垃圾填埋场，以防止地下水污染，并且由于目前的垃圾填埋场已接近其使用寿命末期，还应考虑为这些工程垃圾填埋场的建设选择新的场地。
