Lehigh Valley Health Network, Cedar Crest Boulevard and I-78, Allentown, PA, 18103, USA.
LVHN-Muhlenberg, Emergency Medicine Research, 4th Floor, South Wing, 2545 Schoenersville Road, Bethlehem, PA, 18107, USA.
J Racial Ethn Health Disparities. 2018 Oct;5(5):1042-1051. doi: 10.1007/s40615-017-0452-z. Epub 2017 Dec 26.
Our study investigates whether levels of motivation and barriers to participation in clinical trials vary with patients' education and income. A self-administered survey asked outpatients to rank potential influential factors on a "0" to "4" significance scale for their motivation to participate in clinical trials. Principal component analysis (PCA), analysis of variance (ANOVA), Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests analyzed the impact of race, education, and income on their motivation to participate. Analysis included 1841 surveys; most respondents had a high school education or some college, and listed annual income < $30,000. There was a significant interaction between race and income on our motivation scale 1 scores (p = .0261). Compared with their counterparts, subjects with less education/lower income ranked monetary compensation (p = .0420 and p < .0001, respectively) as a higher motivator. Minorities and patients with less education and lower income appear to be more influenced by their desire to please the doctor, the race and sex of the doctor, and the language spoken by the doctor being the same as theirs. For all races, education appeared to have a direct relationship with motivation to participate, except for African-Americans, whose motivation appeared to decline with more education. Income appeared to have an inverse relationship with motivation to participate for all races.
我们的研究调查了参与临床试验的动机和障碍是否因患者的教育和收入水平而异。一份自我管理的调查要求门诊患者在 0 到 4 的意义尺度上对影响他们参与临床试验的动机的潜在因素进行排名。主成分分析（PCA）、方差分析（ANOVA）、克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验和曼-惠特尼 U 检验分析了种族、教育和收入对他们参与试验的动机的影响。分析包括 1841 份调查；大多数受访者接受过高中或一些大学教育，年收入低于 30000 美元。我们的动机量表 1 得分上，种族和收入之间存在显著的交互作用（p =.0261）。与对照组相比，受教育程度较低/收入较低的患者将金钱补偿（p =.0420 和 p <.0001）作为更高的激励因素。少数民族和受教育程度较低、收入较低的患者似乎更容易受到取悦医生、医生的种族和性别以及医生所说的语言与他们相同的影响。对于所有种族来说，教育似乎与参与的动机有直接关系，但非裔美国人除外，他们的动机似乎随着教育程度的提高而下降。收入似乎与所有种族参与的动机呈反比关系。
