College of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China.
Microbiologyopen. 2018 Feb;7(1). doi: 10.1002/mbo3.430. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
An animal feeding trial was conducted on 18 seven-day-old Holstein dairy bull calves weighing 42 ± 3 kg each. Calves were randomly assigned into three groups (n = 6 each). The dietary treatments were as follows: (1) milk and starter for the control group (MS), (2) supplementation of oat hay from week 2 on the basis of milk and starter (MSO2), and (3) supplementation of oat hay from week 6 on the basis of milk and starter (MSO6). All animals were fed starter and oat hay ad libitum. The major phyla in the different groups of rumen fluid included Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Euryarchaeota. The major genera were identified, and major genera proportions in the three groups were as follows: Methanobrevibacter (Euryarchaeota), 2.1%, 1.7%, and 2.1%; Olsenella (Actinobacteria), 23.9%, 17.7%, and 12.8%; Prevotella (Bacteroidetes), 10.5%, 16.5%, and 19.2%; Dialister (Firmicutes), 3.3%, 4.1%, and 2.8%; Succiniclasticum (Firmicutes), 3.8%, 4.7%, and 9.2%; and Sharpea (Firmicutes), 0.4%, 2.5%, and 0.2%, respectively. There were no significant differences in the various phyla among the three groups (p > .05). The results showed that calves hay supplementation time did not affect the diversity of the rumen microbiota in the suckling calves. However, the hay supplementation altered the proportion of the various microbial populations, supplementation of oat hay from week 2 on the basis of milk and starter could improve calves rumen pH.
进行了一项为期 18 天的 18 头 7 日龄荷斯坦奶牛公牛犊的饲养试验，每头犊牛重 42±3kg。犊牛被随机分为三组（每组 6 头）。日粮处理如下：（1）对照组为牛奶和开食料（MS），（2）从第 2 周开始在牛奶和开食料的基础上补充燕麦干草（MSO2），（3）从第 6 周开始在牛奶和开食料的基础上补充燕麦干草（MSO6）。所有动物均自由采食开食料和燕麦干草。不同组瘤胃液中的主要菌群包括厚壁菌门、放线菌门、拟杆菌门、变形菌门和广古菌门。鉴定了主要属，三组的主要属比例如下：甲烷短杆菌（广古菌门），2.1%、1.7%和 2.1%；奥尔森氏菌（放线菌门），23.9%、17.7%和 12.8%；普雷沃氏菌（拟杆菌门），10.5%、16.5%和 19.2%；戴阿利斯特菌（厚壁菌门），3.3%、4.1%和 2.8%；琥珀酸拟杆菌（厚壁菌门），3.8%、4.7%和 9.2%；和沙雷氏菌（厚壁菌门），0.4%、2.5%和 0.2%。三组间各菌群无显著差异（p>.05）。结果表明，犊牛干草补饲时间不会影响哺乳期犊牛瘤胃微生物多样性。然而，干草补饲改变了各微生物种群的比例，从第 2 周开始在牛奶和开食料的基础上补充燕麦干草可以提高犊牛瘤胃 pH 值。
