Guede Rojas Francisco A, Chirosa Luis Javier, Fuentealba Sergio, Vergara César A, Ulloa David L, Salazar Sergio E, Márquez Héctor A, Barboza Paola A
Universidad Andres Bello..
Nutr Hosp. 2017 Nov 14;34(5):1319-1327. doi: 10.20960/nh.1288.
Anthropometry and functional fitness (FF) are fundamental aspects for functional independence conservation of older adults (OA). However, little has been investigated in chilean OA.
To analyze anthropometric and FF characteristics of non-disabled OA.
One hundred and sixteen subjects participated in the study. It was determined the prevalence of weight categories (Body Mass Index [BMI]) and cardiometabolic risk (CMR) (Waist Circumference [WC], Waist-Hip Ratio [WHR] and Waist-to-Height ratio [WHtR]). Additionally, "under the norm" physical performance and performance standards (Senior Fitness Test Battery [SFT]). Anthropometric and FF differences were analyzed according sex and age categories.
A total of 63.8% and 73.5% of men and women respectively were overweight. The highest prevalence of CMR was obtained through WHtR and the tests with the highest prevalence of low performance were 2-minute step Test and Back scratch Test. The performance standard was reached in 29.7% and 17.3%, in men and women respectively. Men presented greater height, WHR, strength and aerobic capacity. Women had greater hip circumference, BMI, WHtR and flexibility. These results tends to be maintained in the analyzes according age categories.
The studied sample presented a high prevalence of overweight, CMR and low physical performance especially in women. Due its low cost and complexity, it is proposed that integral evaluation of anthropometric and FF parameters should be implemented in primary care programs aimed to preserving functionality of OA.
人体测量学和功能适应性是老年人功能独立性保护的基本方面。然而，智利老年人在这方面的研究较少。
分析非残疾老年人的人体测量学和功能适应性特征。
116名受试者参与了该研究。确定了体重类别（体重指数[BMI]）和心脏代谢风险（CMR）（腰围[WC]、腰臀比[WHR]和腰高比[WHtR]）的患病率。此外，还进行了“低于正常水平”的身体机能和机能标准测试（老年人健身测试组合[SFT]）。根据性别和年龄类别分析人体测量学和功能适应性差异。
男性和女性超重的比例分别为63.8%和73.5%。通过腰高比得出的心脏代谢风险患病率最高，而表现不佳患病率最高的测试是2分钟台阶测试和背部抓挠测试。男性和女性达到机能标准的比例分别为29.7%和17.3%。男性身高更高、腰臀比更大、力量和有氧能力更强。女性的臀围、BMI、腰高比和柔韧性更大。这些结果在按年龄类别进行的分析中往往保持不变。
研究样本中超重、心脏代谢风险和身体机能低下的患病率较高，尤其是女性。由于其成本低且操作简单，建议在旨在保护老年人功能的初级保健项目中实施人体测量学和功能适应性参数的综合评估。
