Guede-Rojas Francisco, Jerez-Mayorga Daniel, Ulloa-Díaz David, Soto-Martínez Adolfo, Ramírez-Campillo Rodrigo, Barboza-González Paola, Angarita-Dávila Lissé
Facultad de Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Universidad Andres Bello, Concepción, Chile.
Departamento de Ciencias del Deporte y Acondicionamiento Físico, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Rev Med Chil. 2020 Jan;148(1):69-77. doi: 10.4067/S0034-98872020000100069.
The functional fitness of older people may be associated with their nutritional status.
To assess the association between of anthropometric measures with functional fitness in older people.
Cross-sectional study conducted in 75 participants aged 65 to 89 years. Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), fat mass (FM) and skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) were calculated from anthropometric measures. The functional fitness was determined using the Senior Fitness Test battery.
BMI and FM indicated obesity, and WHtR indicated cardiometabolic risk in 49%, 55% and 83% of participants, respectively. SMI indicated a low muscle mass in 91% of females. Performance standards of chair stand, arm curl, 2-min step test and 8-foot up-and-go tests were met in 1%, 8%, 1% and 89% of participants, respectively. Significant negative correlations were found between 2-min step test and BMI, WHtR and FM (r = -0.26, -0.31 and -0.48 respectively). Back scratch had a negative correlation with BMI (r = -0.23) and SMI (rho = -0.28). Significant positive correlations were found between 8-foot up-and-go, WHtR (rho = 0.28) and FM (rho = 0.23), and between 2-min step test and SMI (rho = 0.28). The coefficient of determination (R2) between 2-min step test with BMI, WHtR and FM were 0.05, 0.08 and 0.22, respectively, while the R2 between back scratch and BMI was 0.04. Multiple regression models indicated that FM affected the 2-min step test independently of BMI and WHtR (adjusted R2 = 0.22), however age and sex negatively influenced these associations.
Functional fitness of older adults is influenced by nutritional anthropometric measures, particularly BMI, WHtR and FM for aerobic capacity, and BMI for upper limb flexibility.
老年人的身体功能适应性可能与其营养状况相关。
评估老年人人体测量指标与身体功能适应性之间的关联。
对75名年龄在65至89岁的参与者进行横断面研究。通过人体测量指标计算体重指数（BMI）、腰高比（WHtR）、脂肪量（FM）和骨骼肌质量指数（SMI）。使用老年人健身测试组合来确定身体功能适应性。
BMI和FM表明分别有49%、55%的参与者存在肥胖，WHtR表明83%的参与者存在心血管代谢风险。SMI表明91%的女性肌肉量低。分别有1%、8%、1%和89%的参与者达到了椅子站立、手臂卷曲、2分钟踏步测试和8英尺起坐测试的表现标准。在2分钟踏步测试与BMI、WHtR和FM之间发现显著负相关（r分别为 -0.26、-0.31和 -0.48）。背部伸展与BMI（r = -0.23）和SMI（rho = -0.28）呈负相关。在8英尺起坐与WHtR（rho = 0.28）和FM（rho = 0.23）之间，以及2分钟踏步测试与SMI（rho = 0.2,8）之间发现显著正相关。2分钟踏步测试与BMI、WHtR和FM之间的决定系数（R2）分别为0.05、0.08和0.22，而背部伸展与BMI之间的R2为0.04。多元回归模型表明FM独立于BMI和WHtR影响2分钟踏步测试（调整后R2 = 0.22），然而年龄和性别对这些关联有负面影响。
老年人的身体功能适应性受营养人体测量指标影响，特别是BMI、WHtR和FM影响有氧能力，BMI影响上肢柔韧性。
