R.C. Ziegelstein is Sarah Miller Coulson and Frank L. Coulson Jr Professor of Medicine, Mary Wallace Stanton Professor of Education, and vice dean for education, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.
Acad Med. 2018 Apr;93(4):537-539. doi: 10.1097/ACM.0000000000002117.
Increasing attention is being paid to medical student and resident well-being, as well as to enhancing resilience and avoiding burnout in medical trainees. Medical schools and residency programs are implementing wellness initiatives that often include meditation and other mindfulness activities, self-reflection, journaling, and lectures or workshops on resilience tools such as metacognition and cognitive restructuring. These interventions have in common the creation of opportunities for trainees to become more aware of their experiences, to better recognize stressors, and to regulate their thoughts and feelings so that stressors are less likely to have harmful effects. They often enable trainees to temporarily distance themselves mentally and emotionally from a stressful environment. In this Invited Commentary, the author suggests that medical school leaders and residency program directors should also create structured opportunities for trainees to establish meaningful connections with each other to provide greater social support and thereby reduce the harmful effects of stress. Social connection and engagement, as well as group identification, have potential to promote well-being and reduce burnout during training.
越来越多的人开始关注医学生和住院医师的幸福感，以及提高医学实习生的适应力和避免职业倦怠。医学院和住院医师培训计划正在实施健康计划，其中通常包括冥想和其他正念活动、自我反思、写日记，以及关于适应力工具（如元认知和认知重构）的讲座或研讨会。这些干预措施的共同点是为学员提供了更多了解自己的经历、更好地识别压力源以及调节自己的思想和感受的机会，从而减少压力源产生有害影响的可能性。它们通常使学员能够在精神上和情感上暂时远离紧张的环境。在这篇特邀评论中，作者建议医学院领导和住院医师培训计划主管还应为学员创造有组织的机会，让他们彼此建立有意义的联系，提供更多的社会支持，从而减少压力的有害影响。社会联系和参与，以及群体认同，有可能在培训期间促进幸福感和减少职业倦怠。
