Thompson T N, La Celle P L, Cokelet G R
Department of Biophysics, University of Rochester, NY 14642.
Pflugers Arch. 1989 Feb;413(4):372-7. doi: 10.1007/BF00584486.
The flow of blood in the microcirculation is facilitated by the dynamic reduction in viscosity (Fahraeus-Lindquist effect) resulting from the axial flow of deforming erythrocytes (RBCs) and from the decrease in the ratio of cell to vessel diameter. RBC velocity exceeds that of average fluid velocity; however the slower moving white blood cells (WBC) perturb flow velocity and the ratio of cell to vessel diameter by obstructing red cell flow through formation of "trains" of red cells collecting behind the white cell. This effect of white cells was studied quantitatively in a model in vitro tubes less than 10 microns in diameter with the demonstration that flow resistance increases linearly with white cell numbers up to 1,000 WBC/mm3 at tube hematocrit of 17.7%. The increase in resistance exceeds the flow resistance of WBC and appears to relate directly to train formation. A mechanical model of train formation developed to predict WBC influence in flow resistance over the range of WBC studied reasonably fits observed WBC effects.
微循环中的血流因变形红细胞（RBC）的轴向流动以及细胞与血管直径之比的降低所导致的粘度动态降低（法-林效应）而得以促进。红细胞速度超过平均流体速度；然而，移动较慢的白细胞（WBC）通过在白细胞后方形成红细胞“链”来阻碍红细胞流动，从而扰乱流速以及细胞与血管直径之比。在直径小于10微米的体外模型管中对白细胞的这种作用进行了定量研究，结果表明，在血细胞比容为17.7%时，流动阻力随白细胞数量增加呈线性增加，直至白细胞数量达到1000个/立方毫米。阻力的增加超过了白细胞的流动阻力，并且似乎与链的形成直接相关。所建立的用于预测在所研究的白细胞范围内白细胞对流动阻力影响的链形成力学模型，与观察到的白细胞效应合理拟合。
