Chapman G B, Cokelet G R
Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
Biophys J. 1998 Jun;74(6):3292-301. doi: 10.1016/S0006-3495(98)78036-1.
Computational fluid dynamics was used to model flow past multiple adherent leukocytes in postcapillary size vessels. A finite-element package was used to solve the Navier-Stokes equations for low Reynolds number flow of a Newtonian fluid past spheres adhering to the wall of a cylindrical vessel. We determined the effects of sphere number, relative geometry, and spacing on the flow resistance in the vessel and the fluid flow drag force acting to sweep the sphere off the vessel wall. The computations show that when adherent leukocytes are aligned on the same side of the vessel, the drag force on each of the interacting leukocytes is less than the drag force on an isolated adherent leukocyte and can decrease by up to 50%. The magnitude of the reduction depends on the ratio of leukocyte to blood vessel diameter and distance between adherent leukocytes. However, there is an increase in the drag force when leukocytes adhere to opposite sides of the vessel wall. The increase in resistance generated by adherent leukocytes in vessels of various sizes is calculated from the computational results. The resistance increases with decreasing vessel size and is most pronounced when leukocytes adhere to opposite sides of the vessel.
计算流体动力学被用于对毛细血管后尺寸血管中多个黏附白细胞周围的流动进行建模。使用一个有限元软件包来求解牛顿流体以低雷诺数流过附着在圆柱形血管壁上的球体时的纳维 - 斯托克斯方程。我们确定了球体数量、相对几何形状和间距对血管中流动阻力以及作用于将球体扫离血管壁的流体流动拖曳力的影响。计算结果表明，当黏附白细胞在血管的同一侧排列时，每个相互作用白细胞上的拖曳力小于孤立黏附白细胞上的拖曳力，并且最多可降低50%。降低的幅度取决于白细胞与血管直径的比率以及黏附白细胞之间的距离。然而，当白细胞黏附在血管壁的相对两侧时，拖曳力会增加。根据计算结果计算出不同尺寸血管中黏附白细胞产生的阻力增加情况。阻力随着血管尺寸的减小而增加，并且当白细胞黏附在血管的相对两侧时最为明显。
