生产力、生物多样性和病原体影响着全球狩猎采集人口密度。
Productivity, biodiversity, and pathogens influence the global hunter-gatherer population density.
机构信息
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland;
Department of Geosciences and Geography, University of Helsinki, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
出版信息
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Feb 6;115(6):1232-1237. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1715638115. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
The environmental drivers of species distributions and abundances are at the core of ecological research. However, the effects of these drivers on human abundance are not well-known. Here, we report how net primary productivity, biodiversity, and pathogen stress affect human population density using global ethnographic hunter-gatherer data. Our results show that productivity has significant effects on population density globally. The most important direct drivers, however, depend on environmental conditions: biodiversity influences population density exclusively in low-productivity regions, whereas pathogen stress does so in high-productivity regions. Our results also indicate that subtropical and temperate forest biomes provide the highest carrying capacity for hunter-gatherer populations. These findings document that environmental factors play a key role in shaping global population density patterns of preagricultural humans.
环境因素对物种分布和丰度的影响是生态研究的核心。然而，这些因素对人类丰度的影响还不是很清楚。在这里，我们利用全球民族志狩猎采集者数据报告了净初级生产力、生物多样性和病原体压力如何影响人类人口密度。我们的研究结果表明，生产力对全球人口密度有显著影响。然而，最重要的直接驱动因素取决于环境条件：生物多样性仅在低生产力地区对人口密度有影响，而病原体压力则在高生产力地区有影响。我们的研究结果还表明，亚热带和温带森林生物群系为狩猎采集者人口提供了最高的承载能力。这些发现证明了环境因素在塑造史前农业人类的全球人口密度模式方面起着关键作用。
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