Villanova School of Business, Villanova University, Villanova, Pennsylvania.
Center for Business and Economic Research, Miller College of Business, Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana.
Am J Hum Biol. 2018 May;30(3):e23093. doi: 10.1002/ajhb.23093. Epub 2017 Dec 28.
The purpose of this study was to assess whether the height-income association is positive in developing countries, and whether income differences between shorter and taller individuals in developing countries are explained by differences in endowment (ie, taller individuals have a higher income than shorter individuals because of characteristics such as better social skills) or due to discrimination (ie, shorter individuals have a lower income despite having comparable characteristics).
Instrumental variable regression, Oaxaca-Blinder decomposition, quantile regression, and quantile decomposition analyses were applied to a sample of 45 108 respondents from 14 developing countries represented in the Research on Early Life and Aging Trends and Effects (RELATE) study.
For a one-centimeter increase in country- and sex-adjusted median height, real income adjusted for purchasing power parity increased by 1.37%. The income differential between shorter and taller individuals was explained by discrimination and not by differences in endowments; however, the effect of discrimination decreased at higher values of country- and sex-adjusted height.
Taller individuals in developing countries may realize higher income despite having characteristics similar to those of shorter individuals.
本研究旨在评估身高与收入之间的正相关性是否存在于发展中国家，以及发展中国家矮个子与高个子人群之间的收入差异是由禀赋差异（即高个子人群由于社交能力等特征而比矮个子人群收入更高）还是由歧视造成的（即尽管具有相当的特征，矮个子人群的收入仍然较低）。
采用工具变量回归、Oaxaca-Blinder 分解、分位数回归和分位数分解分析，对代表发展中国家的 14 个国家/地区的 RELATE 研究中的 45108 名受访者进行了样本分析。
在调整了国家和性别因素后的身高每增加 1 厘米，经购买力平价调整后的实际收入就会增加 1.37%。矮个子和高个子人群之间的收入差异是由歧视造成的，而不是由禀赋差异造成的；然而，随着调整后的身高值的增加，歧视的影响会降低。
发展中国家的高个子人群可能会获得更高的收入，尽管他们的特征与矮个子人群相似。
