Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics and Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Center for Alcohol Research in Epigenetics and Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
Trends Genet. 2018 Mar;34(3):197-208. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2017.12.004. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
Drug addiction can be conceptualized at a basic level as maladaptive learning and memory. Addictive substances elicit changes in brain circuitry involved in reward, cognition, and emotional state, leading to the formation and persistence of strong drug-associated memories that lead to craving and relapse. Recently, perineuronal nets (PNNs), extracellular matrix (ECM) structures surrounding neurons, have emerged as regulators of learning, memory, and addiction behaviors. PNNs do not merely provide structural support to neurons but are dynamically remodeled in an experience-dependent manner by metalloproteinases. They function in various brain regions through constituent proteins such as brevican that are implicated in neural plasticity. Understanding the function of PNN components in memory processes may lead to new therapeutic approaches to treating addiction.
药物成瘾可以在基本层面上被概念化为适应性学习和记忆的障碍。成瘾物质会引起涉及奖励、认知和情绪状态的大脑回路的变化，导致强烈的与药物相关的记忆的形成和持续，从而导致渴望和复发。最近，周围神经网（PNNs），即围绕神经元的细胞外基质（ECM）结构，已成为学习、记忆和成瘾行为的调节剂。PNNs 不仅为神经元提供结构支持，而且还通过金属蛋白酶以依赖经验的方式进行动态重塑。它们通过诸如 brevican 等与神经可塑性有关的组成蛋白在各种脑区发挥作用。了解 PNN 成分在记忆过程中的功能可能会为治疗成瘾提供新的治疗方法。
