School of Allied Health, La Trobe University; Physiotherapy Department, Werribee Mercy Hospital.
School of Allied Health, La Trobe University; Allied Health Clinical Research Office, Eastern Health.
J Physiother. 2018 Jan;64(1):24-32. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2017.11.012. Epub 2017 Dec 27.
What are the attitudes, barriers and enablers to physical activity perceived by pregnant women?
In a systematic literature review, eight electronic databases were searched: AMED, CINAHL, Embase, Joanna Briggs Institute, Medline, PsycInfo, SPORTDiscus (from database inception until June 2016) and PubMed (from 2011 until June 2016). Quantitative data expressed as proportions were meta-analysed. Data collected using Likert scales were synthesised descriptively. Qualitative data were analysed thematically using an inductive approach and content analysis. Findings were categorised as intrapersonal, interpersonal or environmental, based on a social-ecological framework.
Pregnant women.
Not applicable.
Attitudes and perceived barriers and enablers to physical activity during pregnancy.
Forty-nine articles reporting data from 47 studies (7655 participants) were included. Data were collected using questionnaires, interviews and focus groups. Meta-analyses of proportions showed that pregnant women had positive attitudes towards physical activity, identifying it as important (0.80, 95% CI 0.52 to 0.98), beneficial (0.71, 95% CI 0.58 to 0.83) and safe (0.86, 95% CI 0.79 to 0.92). This was supported by themes emerging in 15 qualitative studies that reported on attitudes (important, 12 studies; beneficial, 10 studies). Barriers to physical activity were predominantly intrapersonal such as fatigue, lack of time and pregnancy discomforts. Frequent enablers included maternal and foetal health benefits (intrapersonal), social support (interpersonal) and pregnancy-specific programs. Few environmental factors were identified. Little information was available about attitudes, barriers and enablers of physical activity for pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus who are at risk from inactivity.
Intrapersonal themes were the most frequently reported barriers and enablers to physical activity during pregnancy. Social support also played an enabling role. Person-centred strategies using behaviour change techniques should be used to address intrapersonal and social factors to translate pregnant women's positive attitudes into increased physical activity participation.
PROSPERO CRD42016037643. [Harrison AL, Taylor NF, Shields N, Frawley HC (2018) Attitudes, barriers and enablers to physical activity in pregnant women: a systematic review. Journal of Physiotherapy 64: 24-32].
孕妇对身体活动的态度、障碍和促进因素有哪些？
在系统文献综述中，检索了 8 个电子数据库：AMED、CINAHL、Embase、Joanna Briggs 研究所、Medline、PsycInfo、SPORTDiscus（从数据库成立到 2016 年 6 月）和 PubMed（从 2011 年到 2016 年 6 月）。用比例表示的定量数据进行了荟萃分析。使用李克特量表收集的数据进行描述性综合。使用归纳方法和内容分析对定性数据进行了主题分析。根据社会生态学框架，将发现分为个体内部、人际间和环境。
孕妇。
不适用。
怀孕期间对身体活动的态度以及感知到的障碍和促进因素。
纳入了 49 篇文章，共 47 项研究（7655 名参与者）的数据。数据通过问卷、访谈和焦点小组收集。对比例的荟萃分析表明，孕妇对身体活动持积极态度，认为其重要（0.80，95%置信区间 0.52 至 0.98）、有益（0.71，95%置信区间 0.58 至 0.83）且安全（0.86，95%置信区间 0.79 至 0.92）。这得到了 15 项定性研究报告的态度主题的支持（重要，12 项研究；有益，10 项研究）。身体活动的障碍主要是个体内部的，如疲劳、缺乏时间和怀孕不适。经常出现的促进因素包括母婴健康益处（个体内部）、社会支持（人际间）和特定于妊娠的计划。很少确定环境因素。关于有患妊娠糖尿病风险的孕妇的身体活动的态度、障碍和促进因素的信息很少。
个体内部主题是怀孕期间身体活动最常报告的障碍和促进因素。社会支持也起到了促进作用。应该使用基于行为改变技术的以个人为中心的策略来解决个人和社会因素，将孕妇的积极态度转化为更多的身体活动参与度。
PROSPERO CRD42016037643。[Harrison AL, Taylor NF, Shields N, Frawley HC（2018 年）孕妇对身体活动的态度、障碍和促进因素：系统评价。《物理治疗杂志》64：24-32]。
