Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation, Minneapolis, MN.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA.
Am J Transplant. 2018 Jan;18 Suppl 1:172-253. doi: 10.1111/ajt.14559.
Data on adult liver transplants performed in the US in 2016 are no-table for (1) the largest total number of transplants performed (7841); (2) the shortest median waiting time in recent history (11.3 months); (3) continued reduction in waitlist registrations and transplants for hepatitis C-related indications; (4) increasing numbers of patients whose clinical profiles are consistent with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; and (5) equilibration of transplant rates in patients with and without hepatocellular carcinoma. Despite the increase in the number of available organs, waitlist mortality remained an important concern. Graft survival rates continued to improve. In 2016, 723 new active candidates were added to the pediatric liver transplant waiting list, down from a peak of 826 in 2005. The number of prevalent candidates (on the list on December 31 of the given year) was stable, 408 active and 169 inactive. The number of pediatric living donor liver transplants decreased from a peak of 79 in 2015 to 62 in 2016, with most from donors closely related to the recipients. Graft survival continued to improve over the past decade among recipients of deceased donor and living donor livers.
2016 年美国成人肝移植的数据值得注意，原因如下：（1）肝移植总数达到历史最高（7841 例）；（2）中位等待时间为历史最短（11.3 个月）；（3）丙型肝炎相关适应证的候补登记人数和移植数量持续减少；（4）越来越多的患者其临床特征与非酒精性脂肪性肝病相符；（5）伴有和不伴有肝细胞癌的患者的移植率趋于平衡。尽管可供器官的数量有所增加，但候补者死亡率仍然是一个重要问题。移植物存活率继续提高。2016 年，小儿肝移植候补名单上新增了 723 名新的活跃候补者，低于 2005 年的 826 名高峰值。流行候补者（当年 12 月 31 日在名单上的候补者）的数量保持稳定，活跃者 408 名，不活跃者 169 名。小儿活体供肝移植数量从 2015 年的 79 例高峰降至 2016 年的 62 例，其中大多数供体与受者密切相关。在过去十年中，已故供体和活体供体肝移植受者的移植物存活率持续提高。
