Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University , Ithaca, New York 14853, United States.
Chem Rev. 2018 Feb 14;118(3):919-988. doi: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00750. Epub 2018 Jan 2.
Protein lipidation, including cysteine prenylation, N-terminal glycine myristoylation, cysteine palmitoylation, and serine and lysine fatty acylation, occurs in many proteins in eukaryotic cells and regulates numerous biological pathways, such as membrane trafficking, protein secretion, signal transduction, and apoptosis. We provide a comprehensive review of protein lipidation, including descriptions of proteins known to be modified and the functions of the modifications, the enzymes that control them, and the tools and technologies developed to study them. We also highlight key questions about protein lipidation that remain to be answered, the challenges associated with answering such questions, and possible solutions to overcome these challenges.
蛋白质脂质化，包括半胱氨酸异戊烯化、N 端甘氨酸豆蔻酰化、半胱氨酸棕榈酰化、丝氨酸和赖氨酸脂肪酸酰化，发生在真核细胞中的许多蛋白质中，并调节许多生物途径，如膜运输、蛋白质分泌、信号转导和细胞凋亡。我们提供了蛋白质脂质化的全面综述，包括描述已知被修饰的蛋白质和修饰的功能、控制它们的酶以及开发用于研究它们的工具和技术。我们还强调了蛋白质脂质化中仍然存在的关键问题、回答这些问题所面临的挑战以及可能的解决方案来克服这些挑战。
