University of Roehampton, London, UK.
University of Brighton, UK.
J Interpers Violence. 2020 Mar;35(5-6):1515-1538. doi: 10.1177/0886260517696868. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of poly-victimization in Polish adolescents and assess factors associated with poly-victimization risk across different ecological levels. This study further examined whether coping styles could moderate the impact of poly-victimization on emotional well-being. Participants were 454 adolescents, aged between 13 and 19 years, from an urban region of Poland. Adolescents completed self-report measures assessing community, school, and family risks, along with a peer nomination task measuring social preference. Teachers also completed a measure assessing adolescent problem behaviors. Findings revealed that the majority of the sample (70%) experienced more than one type of victimization in the past year, and 35.7% were classified as poly-victims (≥ 6 victimizations). As hypothesized, community disorganization, low commitment to school, poor family management, family conflict, peer social preference, and teacher-rated withdrawn and disruptive behavioral problems were predictive of poly-victimization. In addition, the relationship between poly-victimization and emotional well-being was moderated by problem-solving coping, in that greater use of problem-solving strategies lessened the negative impact of poly-victimization on positive affect and life satisfaction. Other investigated coping strategies (social support-seeking, internalizing, externalizing, and distraction) failed to demonstrate any moderation effect. Findings highlight the high rate of victimization experienced by adolescents in Poland and have implications for the identification of those at risk of poly-victimization, suggesting that there is a need to consider factors related to the adolescent themselves, their relationships with family and peers, and school and community factors. Results also indicate that there may be value in training victims in the use of problem-solving coping styles as a source of resilience.
本研究旨在调查波兰青少年普遍遭受多种伤害的情况，并评估与不同生态层次的多种伤害风险相关的因素。本研究还进一步探讨了应对方式是否可以调节多种伤害对情绪健康的影响。参与者为 454 名年龄在 13 至 19 岁之间的波兰城市地区青少年。青少年完成了自我报告式的评估，以评估社区、学校和家庭风险，同时还完成了一项同伴提名任务，以衡量社会偏好。教师还完成了一项评估青少年问题行为的测量。研究结果显示，大多数样本（70%）在过去一年中经历了不止一种类型的伤害，35.7%的青少年被归类为多种伤害者（≥6 种伤害）。正如假设的那样，社区混乱、对学校缺乏承诺、不良的家庭管理、家庭冲突、同伴社交偏好以及教师评定的退缩和破坏性行为问题，都可预测多种伤害的发生。此外，应对方式中的问题解决策略对多种伤害与情绪健康之间的关系具有调节作用，即更频繁地使用问题解决策略可以减轻多种伤害对积极情绪和生活满意度的负面影响。其他研究的应对策略（寻求社会支持、内化、外化和分散注意力）则没有表现出任何调节作用。研究结果突显了波兰青少年所经历的高伤害率，并对识别那些面临多种伤害风险的人具有启示意义，这表明需要考虑与青少年自身、与家庭和同伴的关系以及学校和社区因素有关的因素。研究结果还表明，对受害者进行问题解决应对方式的培训可能会增加其适应能力。
